INDEX
Preface
Introduction
1. Atoms- The Individual
2. Atomic structure – Anatomy of Atoms
3. Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom
4. Quantum Theory
5. Molecules and Chemical Bonds – Friends and Contracts
6. Theories of Chemical Bonding and Sexual Intercourse
7. Chemical Reactions and Sexual Behavior
The Periodic Table and the Great Human Diaspora
- Preface
“We are not so different from the atoms that build us- we bond, we break, we react, and doing so, we become.”
Sumaiyya Aziz
In the world where science and human spirit often seen to walk separate paths, this book dares to unite them- gracefully, meaningfully, and poetically.
Written by Zeeshan Haider Moosavi, this book invites readers on an extraordinary journey where the smallest building blocks of matter mirror the most intimate truths of our human nature, with every page, he reveals how the invisible world of atoms isn’t just about protons and electrons- but about connections, attraction, balance and sometimes, letting go.
The book draws a stunning parallel between chemical bonds and the relationships we cherish. A covalent bond, where electrons are shared, becomes a symbol of siblinghood- equal, close, and full of mutual exchange. An ionic bond, built on giving and receiving, echoes the delicate dance of spousal relationship-where one gives a part of themselves, and the other receives it to complete a union.
This book explores the intricate parallels between the structure of atom and the structure of self-delving deep into the quantum realm to uncover reflections of our emotions, relationships, and identities.
Drawing from the mysteries of atomic structure, he attempts to correlate the behaviors of electrons, protons, and neutrons with the dynamics of human behavior and interactions. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and Schrodinger’s Wave Equation are interpreted not just as scientific concepts, but as profound metaphors for the uncertainty and duality that lie within the human heart-symbolizing how we can be both known and unknown, particle and wave, certain and uncertain, all at once.
Relationships too, are examined through a chemical lens; the covalent bond as a poetic mirror of the sibling connection- shared, balanced, and deeply rooted; the ionic bond representing the dynamic and transformative energy between life partners-where one gives, the other receives, forming something stable yet charged. Even the reactions that occur in the laboratory are reimagined as everyday human event-combustion as passion, decomposition as loss, and synthesis as a new beginning.
One of the book’s most illuminating chapters aligns Carl Jung’s timeless human archetypes with element of the periodic table.
Written in simple, heartfelt language, Mr.Zeeshan Haider Moosavi makes complex science accessible- not through formulas and concepts, but through feelings. With warmth, wisdom, and wonder, he bridges the gap between chemistry and compassion, physics and philosophy.
This work is not just for students of science, but for philosophers, thinkers, and seekers of meaning. It is a fusion of disciplines, a bridge between mind and matter, heart and hydrogen. Whether you are an atomist or a mystic, a chemist or a poet, I hope this book will awaken within you a sense of wonder at the deep unity that binds the cosmos and the self.
Sumaiyya Aziz (Director-Vidyaneketan Group of Education)
M.Sc.Chemistry, B.Ed, M.Phil
In the name of God, The Beneficent, The Merciful
Introduction
O.Wilson, the Darwin of this century, wrote his magnum opus ‘The Sociology-biology’ as a proof of the social behavior existing in the animal world. All the animals follow some social order, and the best example are ants and honey bees. The study of ant’s social behavior from the sociology-biology will definitely give you Goosebumps.
“There is not an animal that walked upon the earth, a bird that flies with its two wings, but they are communities like you. We have not neglected in the book anything and to your Lord they shall be gathered.” Quran:6:38
In his sociology-biology, O.Wilson combines sociology and zoology, and in the similar fashion the present book of mine combines human behavior and chemistry. The human behavior and some of the basic principles of ethics can be traced in chemistry. It is absolutely not true that I am the first person to start this sort of thinking.
The intermediate first year chemistry textbook of the Telugu academy has a paragraph which runs as follows,
“The Nobel prize 2005 in chemistry went to Yeves Chauvin, Robert.H. Grubs and Richard. R. Sherock.The trio discovered metathesis method in organic synthesis to reduce hazardous waste. Metathesis is a way to rearrange group of atoms within molecule that the Royal Swedish Academy of sciences linked to dance in which couple exchange partners.”
1st year chemistry: Chapter 12-page-347- Telugu Academy
The present work of mine is to prove that the atoms and molecules just behave as human beings, chemistry follows humanities. You can see atoms getting married (chemical combination), you can see atom getting divorced (chemical decomposition). You can also see molecules exchanging partners ( displacement and double displacement reactions), forming groups and forming bonds for a purpose. Human behavior is not only common to chemistry, but it is the basic behavior of whatever exists in this universe. In fact, the whole of this universe behave as a giant human being, and this is because man in the ultimate cause behind existence of the universe and everything existing in it.
The famous anthropic principle of physics, discovered by Robert Dicke in 1957, says that the universe and all that exists in it is for the human race to ponder over it or wherever there will be human beings or intelligent beings in this universe, they will be thinking exactly the way we think. The anthropic principle gives universal nature to humanities and human behavior. The anthropic principle was discovered while trying to answer the coincidences between the basic seven constants found in nature (physics). The values of the seven basics constants of the universe are very close to each other, and a very slight change in any of these values would have made human existence impossible. This simply means that whatever exists in this universe is for the human being, man is the measure. The famous poet Allamah Iqbal said long back,
“ Jehan hai teray leye tu nahi jehan ke leye = This universe is for you and not you for the universe.”
O.Wilson wrote his book “Consilience’ to unite all the branches of knowledge. According to him all knowledge is one and that man, the human race, is at the center of the knowledge unity.
“O’Man! Your sickness is from you, but you do not see it and your cure is within you, but you do not find it. You presume that you are a small entity, but within you is unfolded the entire universe. You are indeed the evident book by whose alphabets the hidden becomes manifest, therefore you have no need to look beyond yourself what you see is within you if you only reflect.”
Hazrat Ali (book:Diwane e Ali)
The legendary poet William Blake wrote,
“To see the universe in a grain of sand, and heaven in wild flower, holds infinity in the palms of your hand and eternity in an hour.”
When you can see the whole universe in a grain of sand then why can’t we see humanities and human behavior in chemistry? Man is the universe and chemistry the grain of sand and to see the cat in the mouse is the subject of the present book.
1. ATOM-THE INDIVIDUAL
“If you tread on the path of your thinking and reach its extremity it won’t lead you anywhere except that the creator of an ant is the one who is the creator of a palm tree because everything has same delicacy and details and everything has little difference. In His creation, the big, the delicate, the heavy, the light, the strong and the weak are all equal.”
Hazrat Ali (Nahj; sermon-183; 700AD)
The universe in terms of physics and chemistry is divided only into matter and energy. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space (volume), and energy is the capacity to do work which occupies space, but has no mass. When I was in my 4th standard, I was taught that matter is of three types; solid, liquid and gas. I used to wonder why matter is of three types when we have five fingers in each of our hands. Hand is used as a metaphor for strength and firmness. Matter is strong and firm. You may ask, why do we have two hands then? Well, your right hand stands for matter whereas your left hand stands for anti-matter. Here I feel it obligatory to bring to your notice that anti-matter is a reality. The PET scanner in medicine uses positron to scan your body, and positron is an anti-matter particle (positive electron)PET stands for Positron Emission Tomography. Our body itself is the greatest teacher.
In the present scenario all the high school physics book preach that matter is of five types; solid, liquid, gas, plasma and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensate). Accordingly, the anti-matter should also be of five types; anti-solid,anti-liquid,anti-gas,anti-plasma and anti-BEC.
Except BEC all the matter is made of atoms. The word ‘atom’ is from the Greek word ‘atomos’ which literally means the uncut-able.The term atom was coined by the philosopher Democritus in 400BC to that part of matter which cannot be cut further, the indivisible and fundamental part of matter. Even today atom is indivisible. If you separate electron or protons from an atom it loses its identity and no more remains an atom, if you remove an electron from an atom it turns into an ion and no more remains an atom. It is totally wrong to say that atom is divisible. You can say that atom is made of electron, proton and neutron but you cannot say that it is divisible. A human being is made of a head and trunk and if you remove the head from a human being it will be called a human corpse not a human being. Like an atom, a human being is also indivisible though he is made of thousands of components.
In the Arabic language the synonym for an atom is the word ‘zarra,’ the smallest indivisible whole. In the Sanskrit language atom is called ‘Paramanu’, the ultimate particle. God, Parameshwara and Allah means the same, likewise the words atom,paramanu and zarra means the same, the ultimate indivisible reality of matter.
Atom stands for individuality. The individuality of each and every organism is because of the individuality of atom. Reduction-ism is back in business. The individuality of atom is reduced to the individuality of the creator or nature if you are an atheist. Atom has individuality because the creator or nature has individuality.
Atom-the prisoner
Like you and me, atoms have very high energy and that is the reason they are not found freely in nature. They immediately combine to form molecules. It is almost impossible to find a single, solitary human being without any connections, and it is forbidden to live a solitary life according to the major religious texts of the world. It is forbidden in all abrahamic religions to live alone in a single room or travel alone.
Atom- the hermaphrodite
Atom has both positive and negative charge inside. It is a hermaphrodite. Every human being, whether it is a male or a female is in reality a hermaphrodite in terms of hormones.
Every human male carries some estrogen (female hormone) in its blood and tissues, and every female carries some androgen (male hormone) in its bold and tissues, and this is because our fundamental particle, the atom, is a hermaphrodite. If the fundamental particles, atoms, making you have duality then how can you, as an individual, escape duality? The electrons are dual nature particles, the protons are dual nature particles, the neutrons are dual nature particles, and light itself, the mother of all energies, is dual nature. It is impossible to escape duality because the particles which make us are all strongly dual nature. I was surprised to find that even today some science teacher in secondary school are preaching that living things are made of cells and non-living things are made of atoms. The fact is , both living and non-living material is made of atoms. Each living cell is made of one lakh atoms roughly. The only difference between the living and the chemical substances is that of organization. In the living world the atoms are organized to a very high level whereas in the world of chemicals, atoms do not organize to form cells, but even chemicals have a good level of organization but not to the level of living things.
Types of Atoms-Types of Human beings
Natural elements are 94 in number, the remaining 24 elements are artificial elements made in the cyclotron by the human beings. There are 94 natural elements means that there are 94 types of atoms found in nature. Each element is an alphabet of nature. It means the language of natural chemical is made of only 94 alphabets, the elements. All the chemicals existing in the universe are made out of these natural elements. By analogy, the types of human beings should also be 94 in number. Each natural element represents a human archetype. You can be gold you can be silver and you can be noble gases.
“All that glitters is not gold; often have you heard that told.
Gilded tombs do worms enfold: had you been as wise as bold.”
In the above poem William Shakespeare is referring to the human beings.
Carl Jung divided the whole of the humanity into 8 archetypes, but in reality the human archetypes are 94 or more than that. In the chapter periodic table I have discussed this topic in further detail.
Out of the 94 natural elements only the first 26 elements are formed in the stars, the last element being iron (26), and the remaining 65 elements are formed when the stars explode in the form of supernova. All the 94 elements are found in our body, some as critical elements-in large quantities and some as trace elements. We can say with full confidence that we are star dust.
“Twinkle Twinkle little star, how I wonder what you are;
Up above the world so high; like a diamond in the sky.”
I do not wonder at the stars anymore because I know that I am from the stars- the star dust.
FRACTALS
After going through the theory of fractals I firmly believe that atoms of each individual are like the individual in some way. It simply means my atoms carry my signature and your atoms carry your signature. The atoms of every individual organism are unique to itself.
2. ATOMIC STRUCTURE=ANATOMY OF ATOMS
Aristotle proposed that everything is made of air, earth and water. He did not believe that everything is made of atoms.Democritus-400Bc-Western Turkey,Adbera,Greek- believed that everything is made of atoms, but Democritus believed that atoms do not have any structure and are solid whole. Democritus totally disbelieved in the structure of atom.
J.J.Thomson in 1897 discovered electrons and proved that atoms have negative charge particles inside it. In 1886 Eugene Goldstein proved that atom also have positive charges inside them. Ernest Rutherford in 1917, through his alpha ray scattering experiment, proved that the positive charge particles are present in the center of the atom called nucleus, so Sir Rutherford is the discoverer of Nucleus/proton. James Chadwick discovered neutrons in 1932. The protons are present in the nucleus and negative charge electrons revolve around the nucleus .This is called the Rutherford’s model of atom. Rutherford did not have any idea about the existence of neutrons inside the nucleus.
The Bohr’s model of atom, was partially based on quantum mechanics according to which the electron revolve only in whole number orbits like 1,2,3,4 etc.Electrons never take their position in fractional orbits like 1.5,1.6,1.7,2.5 etc. Electrons hate fractional numbers and to the contrary love natural numbers.
An atom is made of the following
Electron
Proton
Neutron
How these electrons, protons and neutrons are are arranged in an atom?
An atom can be compared to a seven floored grand five star hotel. Each floor represents an orbit. There can be only 7 orbits. The floor number or the orbit number is called PQN (Principal quantum number). The principal quantum is from 1 to 7. The 7th orbit is the last floor of this hotel called atom. Each orbit or floor has suites according to the orbit number. The first floor has only one suite (s-sub shell); the 2nd floor has only two suites (s and p sub shell) and so on.
The suite or the sub-shells found in atoms are only of four types-s, p, d, f.
The s suite has only one room, the p suite has three rooms and the d suite has five rooms and the f suite has 7 rooms.
The suite (sub-orbit or sub-shell) are indicated by the letter l and can have values 0, 1, 2, and 3.
The s suite has the number zero (l=0). You should keep in mind that zero is a number. Zero does not mean nothing. Now, in the world of physics, the notion is very clear that there is nothing called nothing. Maxwell’s equation proves the existence of electric charges in vacuum as well and Paul Dirac proved that vacuum has the intrinsic tendency to produce energy bubbles every mille second.
The s suite has duality; it is a suite as well as a room. The P suite (sub-shell) has three rooms (orbitals) with number -1,0 and +1.
The suite d of an atom is indicated by the number 2 . It has five rooms (orbitals) with the following numbers
-2,-1,0, +1 and +2. The f suite is indicated by the number l=3 and has the following seven rooms (orbitals)
-3,-2,-2,0,+1,+2,+3
The rooms in the suite represent orbital. You must remember the following when you think of an atom
Atom = 7 storey grand hotel
Orbits = floors of the Hotel
Sub-shells = suite on each floor
Orbital = rooms in the suite
Each orbital can accommodate only two electrons. The atomic room can accommodate only two people at a time.
The first floor (orbit) of an atom has only one suite called s sub shell; the 2nd floor (orbit) has two sub shells (suite) - s and the p suite, whereas the third floor has only three suites – s, p and d. The fourth floor has four suites-s, p, d and f. The s suite of the first orbit or floor will be called 1s, and s suite of the 2nd floor will be 2s and so on, And same is the case with the p, d and f suite, I mean the p suite of 2nd orbit will be called 2p and the p suite of the 3rd orbit (floor) will be called 3p. There are no p suite in the first orbit, the p suite starts from the 2ndorbit.Whereas there are no d suite in 2ndorbit.The d suite starts from the 3 orbit. The f suite starts from the 4th orbit and so on.
The s suite can accommodate only two electron, the p suite can accommodate 6 electrons, the d suite can accommodate 10 electrons whereas the f suite can accommodate only 14 electrons. It comes out that the first floor (orbit) can have only two electron, the 2nd floor 8 electron, the third floor 18 electron and the and the fourth floor 32 electrons. The formula 2n2 is followed for the number of electrons on each floor. The letter n stands for the floor number. Remember the following in case of the atomic hotel
1st floor = 1 suite (sub shell-s)
2nd floor = 2 suite-suite s and p
3rd floor = 3 suite- suite s, p and d
4th floor = 4 suite-suite s, p, d and f
There are 94 types of natural atoms (elements) and each element or atom differs from the other by the number of electrons in it, but the basic structure of all the 94 natural elements is same; all of them have seven orbits and s, p, d, f sub shells. The electrons are given their position in the orbit, sub shell and orbital by nature or God, you cannot have a say in that. Nature/God fills the electrons in an atom by following rules,
1. Afbau’s principle
2. Hund’s rule
3. Pauli’s principle
1. Afbau principle: It says that an orbit with the lowest energy should be filled first with electrons. As I have said before, the electrons are the currency in the world of chemistry. When the orbit with lowest energy is filled first with electron it is like giving the food first to the poorest of the poor. In olden days every party started with giving the food to the old and the children. The hunger of the poor and the weak should be satiated first, this is Afbau’s principle. All the religious books teach the same; feed the weak and the old first, and chemistry and physics follow the same rule in little different but elegant way. So, when you are filling an atom with electrons, start by filling the orbit of the lowest energy first-Afbau principle
2. Hund’s rule: This rule says that fulfill the basic needs first, and then go for luxury later.
According to this principle the basic need should be fulfilled first then we should go for luxury. In terms of chemistry it means that a sub shell should be half filled with electrons first, and then only the process of pairing of electrons should start. If you have five children and ten biscuits, you should first give only one biscuit to each and then start the process of distributing the remaining five biscuits. This is called Hund’s rule. The Hand’s rule is related to the principle of distributive justice which is a concept in ethics, economics and politics.
3. Pauli’s principle:
This principle says that when two electrons are present in the same orbital, they should have opposite spin. It simply means that when you are sharing a single bed with your friend it is better to sleep in 69 positions so as to avoid smooching each other while in deep sleep.
CLASSICAL MODELS OF ATOM
The J.J. Thompson’s watermelon model of atom, the Rutherford’s model of atom and the Bohr’s model of atom are called the classical models of atom. Though the Bohr’s model of atom is based on the quantum theory it is still considered as classical model because it does not includes quantum mechanics. It should be very clear to every student of science that quantum theory and quantum mechanics are two different things though they are related to each other the way a dollar is related to Indian rupee; both are different but both are a kind of currency.
Out of the above three models of atom, the J.J.Thompson’s model of atom had been proved wrong by none other than Earnest Rutherford who was the student of J.J.Thompson. According to J.J.Thompson, an atom resembles a watermelon in which the red pulp represents the positive charge (Protons) and the seeds represent the electrons. Rutherford later proved, through his alpha ray scattering experiment, that the positive charge (protons) is concentrated at the center of atom called nucleus. The rest of the atom is empty or hallow with electrons revolving around the nucleus. But the point was why the electron, being negative charge, is not falling into the positive charged nucleus? Opposite charges attract, and at some point of time the electron should ultimately fall into the nucleus, but this is not happening and the atom is found to be stable. If every electron was falling into the nucleus of atom I will not be writing this article because I would have exploded long back along with this biosphere. Thanks to the electrons that they do not fall into the nucleus, but why? Opposite charges always attract but atom is an exception. When a robust young man is not interested in any beautiful woman there might be some serious problem with him. Either there is a deficiency in his hormonal system or he might have been given a warning by his numerologist or tantric that eloping with a beautiful woman will end his life the very moment etc
Why the electrons are not in love with the protons staying in the nucleus when it is a rule that opposite charges attract? Why are the electrons not falling into the nucleus? To answer this puzzle Neill Bohr proposed his model of atom using the quantum theory of Max Planck. According to the Bohr model of atom the electron do not fall into the nucleus because the track or orbit in which they are moving is actually an invisible tube with fixed energy called stationary orbit. The orbits are closed invisible tube with fixed or quantized energy, and as long as the electrons are revolving in these tubes their energy is fixed, they cannot lose their basic energy and go close to the nucleus. The electron can gain energy if you supply heat and jump to higher orbit but they can never lose the energy they are allotted by the stationary orbit, and this is the reason why the electron does not fall into the nucleus. The electron can gain energy in the form of heat and jump to a higher orbit, but it will come back to its original orbit by emitting the gained energy in the form of light which forms the spectrum or signature of the particular atom. The electron can never jump into the nucleus because the electron cannot go below a minimum amount of energy given by h/2π The lovers are not destined to meet, Laila will not get Majnu, Romeo will not get Juliet and the nucleus will never get the electron. Romeo did not get Juliet because of reduction-ism; the electron cannot fall into the nucleus. If the electron loses its minimum energy (h/2π) it vanishes in an instant, it no more exists. h/2π is the minimum energy which the electron should possess when it is existing in the atom and rotating around the nucleus. And this is the very reason which prohibits the electron from falling into the nucleus. When true lover meet or get married they will be too involved with each other sparing no energy for worldly activities and this is the reason they never meet.
3. QUANTUM MECHANICAL MODEL OF ATOM
The quantum mechanical model of atom retains the basics of Rutherford’s model (nucleus) and Bohr’s model of atom (stationary orbits). The concept of orbital is unique to the quantum mechanical model of atom.Both, Rutherford and Bohr, the greatest physicist of their time did not have even a glimpse or the weakest notion of the concept of orbitals.The concept of atom resembling a seven floored five star hotel is valid in quantum mechanical model as well. Atom is a five star hotel with seven floors, each floor refers to orbit, the sub-shell or sub-orbits refers to the suites at the each floor of the hotel and the orbital in each sub-shell refers to the rooms present in each of the suite at the specific floor.
The following three quantum mechanical concepts define the quantum mechanical model of atom,
1. De Broglie’s dual nature of electron
According to the quantum mechanical model, the electrons and protons are dual nature particle; they sometimes behave as waves and sometime behave as particles. The dual nature of electron was proved by De Broglie leading him to win the Nobel Prize in physics. When De Broglie’s dual nature of electron was explained to Einstein, he refused to believe and said,
“If De Broglie is proved right, we all will be proved stupid.”
The Nobel Prize for physics proved De Broglie as correct. De Broglie’s equation prescribes duality for all matter. Every organism, atom, and all matter particles have a wave nature along with the particles nature which is called wave function. We Human also have a wave function which covers the whole universe and the precognition ability of some people can be explained on the basis of wave function. The dual nature of particles and things can be reduced to the duality of the good and the evil. Everything has duality because everything has the good and the evil inside it.
When duality is applied to the electron, it comes out that that electron is at every point in an atom and sometimes it is found as particles in the orbits and orbitals as well.
2. Heisenberg’s Principle of uncertainty
This is the 2nd principle of quantum mechanical model of atom according to which the position of electron in an atom is uncertain. There is only probability of finding the electron in an orbit of an atom. The place where the probability of finding the electrons is maximum is called orbital.Along with the position of the electron the speed or velocity of electron is also uncertain. The electron always wants to be unpredictable in its position as well as speed. The Heisenberg’s principle says that it is impossible to find both position and velocity of electron accurately at the same time. When you will locate the electron at a point in an atom its velocity will be infinity. And when you will find the velocity of electron accurately in an atom then its position will become infinite (it will be acting as a wave). We do not want to be predictable because we are made of quantum stuff which behaves on the principle of uncertainty and unpredictability. If you are predictable, you are in danger. People will try to take advantage of your predictable behaviour. The whole universe works on the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Many a times your predictions fail and many a times what you did not expect happens. This is in consonance with the Heisenberg’s principle of uncertainity.The surprise element is always there to make you realize that you are not God and somebody is above you.
The duality of electron leads to the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle which finally gives rise to the Schrodinger wave equation which describes the orbital.
3. Schrodinger’s wave equation
Schrodinger proposed that the wave function of electron in an atom was represented by ‘ψ - psi’ and the place where the chances of finding the electron are maximum is called the orbital ψ² . It means when you square the electron or its wave function you get the orbital. It means the orbital is formed because of the movement of electron around the nucleus. This reminds of the great mystic poet Rumi who said,
“You are the mirror and the image in the mirror is also you.”
It is like saying; my house exists because I exist. My house is because of me and not vice-versa, again returning back to the anthropic principle-everything is for man not vice-versa. You are the house and also the person living in it. Quantum mechanics says that truth is subjective; the moon exists as long as you are seeing the moon. The orbital exist in the atom, around the nucleus as long as the electron is moving in the atom. The moment electrons disappear from the atom, the orbital will also disappear. This is the bizarre prediction of the quantum mechanics.
In summary, according to the quantum mechanical model of atom, the electrons are sometimes particles and sometimes wave with no fixed position and velocity. Like a wandering dervish the electrons are moving around the nucleus containing the dual natured protons and neutrons. The protons and neutrons also have orbit (magic number) in the nucleus which is also moving like the wandering dervishes. The electrons, the protons and the neutrons are dual natured wandering beings with no fixed position and velocity, and they themselves are orbital as well. At the heart of all matter, there is duality, uncertainty and unity.
4. THE QUANTUM THEORY
“A chemical reaction gives the product B when you are present and in your absence the same reaction gives the product C.”
“Everything we call real is made of things that cannot be regarded as real.”
Neil Bohr
“When you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change.”Max Planck
“It is never possible to predict a physical occurrence with unlimited precision.”Max Planck
The quantum theory was discovered by Max Planck in 1900 in order to explain the phenomena of black body radiation. The quantum physics and quantum mechanics are purely based on the quantum theory and are regarded as the development of the quantum theory.
The main postulate of the quantum theory is that light is emitted in form of packets of energy called the quanta. It says that knowledge is unlimited but what we can know is limited. The quantum theory put limits on every physical world.
In a nutshell, quantum physics or the quantum theory says that our universe is not deterministic but is action based. What action you take determines your future. To the contrary, Albert Einstein believed that our universe is predetermined. The quantum physics hides in itself the butterfly effect. In fact, the butterfly effect or the chaos theory is a branch of quantum physics.
According to the quantum theory truth is subjective not objective. What you believe as truth is truth for you only not for others. Every man carries his own truth. Quantum theory is the most bizarre theory to date which is proved experimentally. It is no more a theory right now, it has become the truth. It says the following
1. When you are not seeing the moon, it simply does not exist or exists as something else.
2. The electrons are waves, but when you try to see them they become particles for you.
3. Particles communicate with each other as if there is no space (quantum entanglement).Their speed of communication is faster than the speed of light.
You are staying in one corner of the world and your mom is staying in some other corner of the world. One day your mom suddenly feels that you are seriously sick; she takes the mobile and rings you up to find, to her surprise, that you are really seriously sick. This is the proof of quantum entanglement and the quantum theory. If you have not experienced telepathy, pre-cognition etc, you have the licence to disbelieve in the quantum theory.
“If quantum mechanics has not profoundly shocked you, you have not understood it yet.”
Neil Bohr.
5. MOLECULES AND CHEMICAL BONDS-FRIENDS AND CONTRACTS
Atoms have very high energy, they cannot exist freely and therefore as soon as they come in contact with each other they form a group called molecules. Molecules can be compared to a group of people; friends, relatives, siblings etc. Atoms can be compared to an adolescent child who goes in search of mates or friends or compared to a highly energetic extrovert man in search of friends. Atoms combine to reduce energy and we humans combine or form friends in order to reduce mental energy. Excess of everything is harmful and shortage of everything is a weakness. The truth is, we all (everything in the universe) are in pursuit of moderation which in the world of humanities is called peace, and in the world of chemistry it is called stability. Any system or being with high energy is unstable. Stability, peace or moderation is the ultimate goal of nature.
When atoms combine, they combine through a chemical bond. A chemical bond is a kind of contract between atoms. It is a contract written with energy. We humans are also bonded by different types of contracts. Some contracts are written on a bond paper and some of the contracts are the unwritten ones, and they are called ethical laws or moral values. The bond between a wife and husband is a written contract whereas the bond between our relatives is an unwritten one. Then you have the employer/employee contract, owner/tenant contract etc. The contract between atoms to form molecules is called chemical bond. The following types of chemical bonds exist between atoms,
1. Covalent bond 2. Ionic bond 3.polar covalent bond and 4. Coordinate covalent bond 5.Metallic bond 6. Hydrogen bond 7. Vander wall’s force of attraction
1. COVALENT BOND –BROTHERS, SISTERS, FRIENDS
A covalent bond is formed between atoms when they share two or more pairs of electrons. Well, a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. Two hydrogen atoms, each having one electron, come close and put their electron in a space between them, and the electron pair serves both the atoms. The electron pair will be in the molecular orbital of the two hydrogen atoms. A molecular orbital is a room created by the two hydrogen atoms to accommodate the electron pair. It is like two neighbors sharing a common area between their respective houses so that they can play, gamble or arrange parties etc, a kind of no-man’s land. Any kind of bond between any two atoms is invisible because it is made of energy and energy has no physical form. In this way H2 molecule is formed which is called a homoatomic molecule. When you and your friend buy a bike sharing equal amount of money then it belongs to both of you equally. When you go out on the bike it will be your bike and when your friend’s term comes it will be considered his bike. It is one bike acting as two bikes. Likewise the electron pair between the two hydrogen atoms acts two pairs because each hydrogen atom will take the pair as its own. It is two electrons acting as four electrons. In sharing the commodity is not divided. Sharing is not dividing. In division the quantity decreases, but in sharing it remains the same and acts as double. Therefore in sharing you get the full quantity and in division the quantity get reduced. Our society is wrongly trained, sometimes sharing is taken as dividing and vice-versa, and same is the case with mass and weight. When people ask your weight you actually are telling the mass because kg is the unit of mass not weight. The unit of weight is Newton. It will take another millennium for these flaws to be corrected.
Heteroatomic molecules: When sharing of electrons takes place between two different atoms the bond is still covalent but it will be called heteroatomic covalent bond. If brother and sister under a common parent are taken as atoms then the bonding between them will be called as heteroatomic covalent bonding, and this is because they are sharing a common parent. In sharing the quantity remains the same. If it is brothers sharing a common parent it will be akin to homoatomic covalent bonding.
BHARAT MATA KI JAI=LONG LIVE MOTHER INDIA
One hundred and fifty million people are sharing a piece of land called India, and the bonding between its people is covalent in nature.Indianness is the covalent bond which is common to all Indians. We Indians are the children of a single parent called Bharat Mata. Your country is your mother because it feeds you, gives you shelter and help you in every way so that you grow into a good human being, so we should feel proud in saying , Bharat Mata ki jai = long live the mother India.
“People are the progeny of the world and no one can be blamed for loving the mother.”
Hazrat Ali (Nahjulbalagha: saying 298)
Examples of edible covalent compounds: oils and carbohydrates
Gaseous covalent compounds: oxygen gas, hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas.
Aluminium chloride and gold sulphide are covalent compounds. Generally metal and non-metal combinations are ionic but aluminium chloride and gold sulphide are an exception.
2. IONIC BOND - HUSBAND AND WIFE
Atoms have male and female, and the middle gender (eunuch) as well. The metals atoms have characteristic of males; hard, loud (sonorous) and attractive (lustrous) and open to new ideas and concepts (conductors of heat and electricity) whereas non-metals have characteristic of female; soft, fluids (flowing nature) and are orthodox or conservative (bad conductors of heat and electricity) etc. In the animal world the male is more beautiful and robust than the female and it is the same among Homo sapiens (humans), men are better looking than the females, if you remove the makeup money from the context. The metalloids are the eunuchs, the middle gender, having both the characteristic of the male and the female. Out of the 94 types of natural atoms (elements) only 8 are metalloids, 18 are non-metals and the remaining are metals. The majority is of the metals, the males. There are 68 natural metals found in nature.
Almost all the religions of the world regard giving and sacrifice as positive and regard selfishness and taking as negative. In chemistry the atoms which gives or sacrifices an electron gains a positive charge and is called an ion, a cation, while an atom on accepting an electron acquires a negative charge and is called an anion. Your actions transform you forever. A single good action or self-sacrifice transforms you for good and a single selfish act can turn you into a devil unless you are really sorry from the bottom of your heart.
All the metals are reducing agent. They have a tendency to lose or sacrifice electron. If a metal atom gives one electron it gets a single positive charge. To the contrary, the non-metals have the tendency to gain electrons. If a non-metal accepts a single electron it gets a single negative charge. Non-metals are oxidizing agents because they accept electrons (beggars) and metals are reducing agent because they give electrons (generous male). Generosity is a virtue for a male and vice for a female. If a female is generous her generosity will turn her husband into a beggar or pauper, one man’s medicine is a poison for the other man. As metals atoms are like males they give and non-metals atoms are like female, they take. A man gives sperms to the female and hence has to give his money to the female, and on the other hand a female deserves a share in her husband’s wealth because she accepts his sperm and turns it into a baby. Applying the Anthropic principle of physics, we can say that metals atoms are reduced males and non-metal atoms are reduced female.
An ionic bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal atom by transfer of electrons. A metal and a non-metal atom come face to face, the metal atom send an electron to the non-metal atom and develops a positive charge (cation) whereas the non-metal atom accepts the electron and develops a negative charge (anion). As the opposite charges attract, the cation and the anion get attracted and form a bond which is called an ionic bond. The ionic bond is a very strong bond and therefore all compounds having ionic bonds have very high melting and boiling point. An ionic bond is the result of give and take method, and therefore carries great strength. The husband/wife bond, most of the times, dominates all the other relations which are an outcome of sharing (covalent relations).Pure ionic bonds are very difficult to break, but in today’s modern world divorces are increasing because there is a change in polarity. In today world a female is equally capable of sustaining herself without the help of the male and this is happening because of feminism. The man-woman relationship is losing its polarity and is turning into a covalent relationship which is making marriage a failed institution. The electrons are the currency in the world of chemistry, and the bonds are the contracts or businesses. The metals have tendency to give electrons and hence are called reducing agent. In the world of humanities as well as in the world of chemistry the giver is positive. The metals become positive charged when they give electrons and the one who takes is negative, the non-metals gain electron and become negative charged, and hence we call all non-metals as oxidizing agent. The male has the tendency to give, the male gives sperms for reproduction, and hence has to pay money in the form of dowry or alimony etc, whereas the female has the accepting tendency, she accepts the sperms for reproduction and therefore deserve gifts, money etc.Applying reductionism, we can say that a females are reduced non-metal atoms and males are reduced metal atoms. The metalloids are the reduced eunuchs.
3.POLAR COVALENT BOND= WILL YOU MARRY YOUR COUSIN?
We talked about covalent relationship and we talked about ionic relationship. A polar covalent bond is a blend of covalent and ionic bond. A very simple example of polar covalent relationship is the marriage between cousins. Cousins hold a covalent relation, but when they marry the relationship turns into an ionic one. Likewise Hydrogen atom and chlorine atom are non-metals and they combine by a covalent bond, sharing of electrons. But as chlorine is a bit more electronegative (lustier) it attract the electron pair towards itself and gains a negative charge and consequently the hydrogen atom gains a small positive charge because of sending the electron towards chlorine. A polar covalent bond is formed. A polar covalent substance has both the properties of covalent compound and ionic compound. Water, the famous universal solvent, is a polar covalent compound. It dissolves ionic compounds (salts) and it also dissolves covalent compound (sugars).
WATER
A water molecule has two hydrogen and one oxygen atom. Here the oxygen atom is acting as the female and hydrogen atoms are acting like the males. It is polyandry, one female many male. A water molecule is like a cousin sister marrying two of her cousin brothers.Well,among humans polyandry is no more legal now , but once upon a time, during the times of the epic Mahabharata it was a common practice.Panchaali, the wife of five husbands, the director of Mahabharata , can be compared to phosphorous in phosphorous pentachloride molecule. The five chlorine atoms in PCl5 are the Pandavas.Each P-Cl bond in PCl5 is polar but the overall PCl5 molecule is covalent. It is very interesting because it is like Paanchali living with her five husbands happily.
4.COORDINATE COVALENT BOND- LET US DONATE BLOOD
When you donate something to an organization there develops a bond between you and the organization. The organization will be after you lifelong and you are also happy because of the good record with the government, and there will be tax reduction as well if you maintain the bills of your donations. Donations will help you to whiten your black money. Coordinate covalent bond is formed between two molecules or an atom and a molecule. Ammonia has an extra pair of electron and it donates this pair of electrons to the hydrogen ion and lo! A coordinate covalent bond is formed. The bonding will still be covalent and not ionic because the ammonia molecule is in contact with its pair of electron.
Our hemoglobin molecule in the blood cells of our blood is a coordinate covalent covalent compound. In hemoglobin molecule, the iron atom (haem) forms bond with the globin protein molecules. The hemoglobin molecule is an oxygen carrier. Likewise the chlorophyll molecule is also a coordinate covalent molecule. In chlorophyll the magnesium atom is the donor.
5. METALLIC BOND-THE AMAZON TRIBE BONDING
A metallic bond exists in metals only. All the valence electrons (outer most electrons) of all the metal atoms come out and form a cloud of electron rotating around all the atoms. Ions will not be formed because no atom permanently loses electrons. As the cloud of electrons will rotating around the atoms, some or other electron in the metal will be always in touch with loser atom. Hence, in total there will be no loser atoms and hence no ions.
The example of the metallic bond is the example of an ancient Amazon tribe wherein all males belong to all the females in the tribe. It is a female dominant society. All the jungle tribes mostly found in the world are female dominant. The children born out of such an arrangement will have the whole tribe as their parent. All the females will be moving around in the tribe and therefore no male, even for a minute, will be without a female partner. You cannot deny the existence of such a society in the past jungle world. And some of the very modern establishments and organisations have such a setting. These things never come on the screen. Like the dark web they form the hidden dark aspect of the human society.
Almost all the properties of the metals can be explained because of the metallic bond. All the metals are good conductors because of the free electron could with conducts electricity. All the metal, most of them, are silvery because the electron cloud acts as the shield and reflects all visible light. Metals are malleable and ductile because of the rigidity of the electron cloud.
6. HYDROGEN BOND – HUMAN SOCIETY WITH EXTRA MARITAL AFFAIRS AS A RULE.
A hydrogen bond is formed between a hydrogen atom and a more electro negative (greedy for electrons) atom. The hydrogen atoms act as the male counterpart and the more electronegative atom (F, Cl, O etc) acts as the female counterpart. Hydrogen bonding exists in water, hydrogen fluoride; nitro-phenol etc.Water is a liquid because of the hydrogen bonding. Compounds with hydrogen bonding usually have high boiling points.
Hydrogen bonding can be compared to married couples involved in extra marital affair. There will be proper bonding between the couple and extra bonding will also be there in secrecy (weak bonds).There are two kinds of hydrogen bonds; intermolecular hydrogen bonding and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding.
Inter molecular hydrogen bonding
The hydrogen bonding between any two molecules in a compound is called inter molecular hydrogen bonding. In water there is hydrogen bonding between all the molecules. The example of inter molecular hydrogen bonding is a society in which all the couple are involved in extramarital affairs with the members of the other couples but of the same society. Outsider is met with strict rejection and termination. A society with legalization of extramarital affairs with the member of other couple of the same society. This is very common in some of the modern day organizations.
Example: water, hydrogen fluoride.
Intra molecular hydrogen bonding
This kind of hydrogen bonding exists between two atoms of the same molecule. One is hydrogen atom and the other is the atom with high electro negativity. Nitro phenol is a compound with intra molecular hydrogen bonding.
The example of intra molecular hydrogen boding is a family in which the younger brother is in serious relationship with his elder brother’s wife and this goes on smoothly without any complications.
7. VANDERWALL’S FORCE OF ATTRACTION
The example of vanderwall’s force of attraction is the bonding you have with your neighbours, colleagues at your work place, people you meet on a daily basis in the common park of your neighbourhood etc. The bonding is a weak one because once you leave neighbourhood or the working place you will rarely meet them again. Likewise all the molecules which are not bonded with each other through a chemical bond have a weak force of attraction operating them which is called vanderwall’s force of attraction.
6. THEORIES OF CHEMICAL BONDING AND SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
When an atom of hydrogen is combining with chlorine it is like they are having sexual intercourse releasing a lot of energy, and resulting in the formation of the baby-hydrochloric acid. All the atoms combine to form molecules to reduce energy. A low energy state is a stable state. All the living organisms have sex in order to reduce energy. There are three theories of chemical bonding; Lewis-Kossel theory, VSEPR theory and Valence bond theory and likewise there are three types of sexual intercourses found in the living organism, especially the human beings: male-female sex, male-male sex and female-female sex.The goal of chemical bonding or sexual intercourse is the same, to reduce energy. The following are the theories describing the energy loss when atoms combine to form molecules (chemical bonding) which we shall discuss in a sequence.
1. Lewis-Kossel theory
Gilbert Newton Lewis was an American physical chemist of great repute (1875-1946).He was the dean of the college of chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. He discovered the covalent bond. He is also famous for the electron theory of acid and bases (Lewis theory of acids and bases. Lewis was nominated for the Nobel Prize 41 times but never got one. Many of his students got the Nobel Prize. In the end he committed suicide in his lab by consuming cyanide. On the other hand Albrecht Kossel was Nobel Prize winner in physiology of medicine in 1910. He got the Nobel Prize for determining the chemical composition of nucleic acids.
1. Lewis-Kossel theory is also called electronic theory of valence.
Young people marry to reduce energy and gain peace, and this happens when they indulge in sexual intercourse after marriage. A sexual intercourse leads to orgasm which leads to a low energy state-peace. According to Lewis-Kossel theory atoms gain orgasm/nirvana when they attain eight electrons in their outer most orbits. This is called the octet (8) rule. When atoms gain eight electrons in their outer most orbit a substantial amount of energy is lost leading to stability. Lewis and Kossel proposed the octet rule or electronic theory of valence independently when they noticed that all the so called Noble gases, the most stable and non-reactive ones, have eight electrons in their outer most orbit or valence shell. Every atom wants to have 8 electrons in its valence shell, and this is true in most of the cases. Exception is there to this rule. All the people of the lower and upper middle case have the rich, noble and powerful people as their ideal. You will never find a single poor student saying ‘my goal is to become the greatest cab-driver or auto rickshaw driver of all time.’ Every students wants to become Elion Musk or bill gates, at least they have these people as their ideals. We all want to become rich and powerful so that we gain nobility, peace and freedom from every slavery. We want to become anxiety free by becoming noble and same is the case with atoms and molecules. Exception are found in every case and so we have exception in noble gases as well.Helium,neon and argon are real noble gases because they do not form compounds, their compounds do not exist in normal condition. But Xenon is a noble gas which is not noble. It forms compounds- it means it reacts. This reminds me of the story of the great Salarjung, the erstwhile minister of Hyderabad under the Nizam of Hyderabad (Mir Osman Ali Khan), whose Salarjung Measum is considered ,even to this day, as the biggest one man measum in the world.Salarjung was interested in all beautiful things except beautiful women. He did not marry his whole life, but later it was found that he had a female child through a secret wedlock. He turned out to be like the Xenon gas having secret reactions. His daughter could not inherit his property because there was no DNA finger printing at that time to prove her legitimacy.
2. VSEPR THEORY OF CHEMICAL BONDING
According to the Lewis-Kossel theory of chemical bonding atoms get their lowest energy state by getting eight electrons in their outmost or valence orbit. They could not explain the different shapes of the molecules on the basis of the octet rule (8 electron rule).The VSEPR theory came in to explain the various shapes of molecules. The VSEPR theory was proposed by Ronald Gillespie and Ronald Nyholm in 1957.According to VSEPR theory molecules have different shapes because of repulsion between electron pairs. Repulsion stands for hatred, jealousy etc.These negative instincts, if used judiciously, can shape your future and make you a better person. You can become a successful person if you learn the art of controlling the negative traits like hatred, jealousy and anger in a creative manner. Atoms are the master in using their repulsion of electrons to create beautiful shapes of their molecules. There are two kinds of electron pairs in molecules; the lone pair (alone) and the bond pair. The lone pair of electron is that pair of electron in an atom which is not involved in bonding. Ammonia molecule has one lone pair of electron on the nitrogen atom. Only the lone pairs of the outer most orbits are taken into account. The bond pair of electron actually form the bond between different atoms in a molecule. The bond pair of electron is the busy pair in a molecule and for the lone pair of electron in the same molecule you can say “an empty mind is a devils workshop. The repulsion between lone pair-lone pair is maximum. People who do not have any work are prompt in fighting. The repulsion between a bond pair and a lone pair is lesser than that of the repulsion between lone pair-lone pair. The bond pair of electron can be compared to a busy man working in some good reputed MNC whereas the lone pair of electron can be compared to a jobless miscreant or hoodlum. When the miscreant lone pair of electron tries to mess up with the busy bond pair, the bond pair says, “man, I am already late to my office, I will see you later.” The repulsion between the lone pair-bond pair is of lesser degree. The repulsion between the bond pair-bond pair is least. Busy people rarely indulge in fighting. Your repulsions can shape your life if used in a creative way.
3. VALENCE BOND THEORY
The valence bond theory was proposed in 1926 by Walter Hitler and Fritz London to explain the covalent bond in covalent molecules. This theory is based on quantum mechanics.Heitler and London used the Schrodinger equation of orbital to explain the covalent bond formation. They proposed the pi bond and the sigma bond concepts, later on Linnaeus Pauling added the resonance theory and the theory of hybridisation to the valence bond theory. Hence the valence bond theory includes the following concepts,
1. Sigma bond
2. Pi-bond
3. Resonance
4. Hybridization
SIGMA BOND AND PI-BOND
A covalent bond is formed between two or more than two atoms by the sharing of electrons. Among humans, the sibling sharing a common parent is an example of covalent relationship. The bonding between you and your brother or you and your sisters is an example of covalent bond, of course, you do not share electrons but you are sharing a common parent. Atoms share electron pair to form covalent bond. Where do these electron pairs stay? What is their location? According to Walter Hitler and Fritz London, the electron pair, shared pair, stay in valence orbital of the two atoms. A sigma bond is formed when these valence orbital combine with each other or go into each other, a head on interaction, to from a common space. The shared electron pair stay in the valence orbital or the common space- the no man’s land. Sigma bond is a very strong bond.
When you and your sister or you and your brother are sharing a common joint account in a bank you can say that there is sigma bond between you and your sibling, a sign of strong relationship. But when you and your sibling are having independent bank account, not a joint account, then you can say that you are having a pi bond between you and your sibling. A pi bond between atoms is formed when the orbital are parallely connected without going into each other, you are not mixing, and there is a space in between. A pi bond is never formed between s orbital whereas p orbital, d-orbital and the f orbital, all can form pi bond. A side way or parallel overlap of orbital results in the formation of a pi bond.
Siblings having a common joint account= sigma bond
Siblings having independent account = pi bond.
RESONANCE
In carbon dioxide, ozone and benzene molecules the double bond is constantly moving. This is called a resonance. Resonance bonds are very strong. Among human beings the example of resonance bond is when a man marries two of his cousin sisters and keeps them in two independent houses visiting them alternately. As resonance bond is formed in covalent molecules I have no other option, but to use the example of a man marrying two of his cousin sisters. This is not impossibility; it had happened and is still taking place in some rare situations, especially when there is a lot of property involved. Resonance hybrid or resonance bond is a very strong bond. The Molecules which have the resonance bond are very stable.
HYBRIDISATION
Hybridisation is the characteristic of living organisms. We all, as individuals, are hybrid which means we are a blend of our parental genes. Hybrids have characteristics of both the parents, but are entirely different from both the parents in appearance. I have some characteristics of my father and some characteristics of my mother but I am totally different from both of them. It was a shock to me when I heard that hybridisation takes place in atoms as well. In methane molecule the carbon atom undergoes sp3 hybridisation just before the start of the reaction. One s orbital combines with three p orbital in carbon atom to give four hybrid orbital called the sp3 orbital of same energy. Each sp3 hybrid orbital have 50% characteristic of s orbital and 50% characteristic of p orbital. They resemble neither the s nor the p orbital just the way we are not the exact copy of our parents. Hybridisation takes place only in the central atom. The surrounding atoms do not undergo hybridisation. Hybridisation is sign of consciousness. When hybridisation is taking place only in the central atom it means atoms also have some kind of consciousness.
“In His creation, the big, the delicate, the heavy, the light, the strong and the weak are all equal.”
Hazrat Ali
7. CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND SEXUAL BHEAVIOUR
A man and a woman marry to go into a sexual relationship in order to reduce their internal energy level and live in peace. But,behind the urge to attain peace and calm, there is a desire to produce babies (progeny)- the something new. Elements and compounds also react to produce new compound in pursuit of losing energy and gaining stability. The chemical behaviour of compounds and elements is exactly akin to the human sexual behaviour. In this chapter we shall be discussing the different types of chemical reaction found in chemistry in terms of human sexual behaviour.
CHEMICAL REACTON
When two or more elements or compounds react with each other to form new compound or compounds with the release or absorption of energy, it is called a chemical reaction. The concept of marriage also has a similar definition with the difference of only technical terms, which is as follows,
“When two or more human beings marry with the loss or gain of money in order produce a progeny,it is called a marriage.”
Biologically speaking, the main aim of sex is to produce babies. Nature has deliberately made it a thing of immense pleasure so as trap the living organism into the cycle of forwarding the race. Some organism die soon after performing the act of sex and some live only for a short time after sex. In most of the cases the male dies or is killed after the act of sex. Among honey bees the queen been selects the male and kills it after having sex.
According to the theory of evolution the main aim of sexual reproduction is to produce variations. The chemical also react to produce compounds with new characteristics which are nothing but varioations.The following types of chemical reactions will be discussed in the chapter,
1. Chemical combination (marriage)
2. Single displacement reaction (love triangle)
3. Double displacement reaction. (Swapping)
4. Redox reactions (give and take)
5. Disproportionate reaction
1. CHEMICAL COMBINATION
A man (A) and a woman (B) marry to form a family (AB). The man gives his sperms and the woman accepts his sperms. The compound sodium chloride (NaCl), which we call as table salt, is used in almost all of curries. It is formed when sodium metal reacts with chlorine gas. The handsome sodium metal atom (the male) gives an electron to the beautiful chlorine atom (the female) resulting in a perfect marriage. It is a perfect marriage because the product sodium chloride is extremely stable and requires a temperature of 800 degree centigrade just to melt it. Well, you many imagine the electron of sodium atom to be a sperm and the outer most orbit of the chlorine to be a vagina.Yes, it is true in this case, but in a quantum world everything is fuzzy. Sometimes the electron act as a sperm and sometime it acts as a penis and sometime the whole atom acts as a sperm and sometime the whole atom acts as a vagina.If you are in a quantum world, you will, sometimes, be a penis,sometimes a sperm, and sometimes an individual with a penis,testacles and sperm and sometimes you will be both, the male and the female, it like Moulana Rumi says
“You are the mirror and also the image in it.”
In the case of the formation of sodium chloride, the sodium atom is acting as an individual with a penis and its electron is acting like a sperm. And the chlorine atom, here, is acting as a female and its outermost orbit is acting like a vagina.Electron is the sperm and the outermost orbit is the vagina.
Na + Cl à NaCl
2. SINGLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION
There is a happily married couple called CuSO4 (copper sulphate).
Cu++ + SO4-2 à CuSO4
Zn + CuSO4 
ZnSO4 + Cu
The copper ion is the husband and sulphate ion is the wife. They are very happy. Then enters zinc in their life, the rich and successful macho man. Zinc is simply carried away by the sheer beauty and simplicity of the sulphate ion. Zinc constantly impresses the sulphate ion and finally takes her away from the poor copper ion which now becomes copper atom (Cu). Zince gives electron to sulphate molecule (SO4) which again becomes the sulphate ion and they live happily together again. This could happen because zinc is more reactive than copper. In the famous reactivity series of metal copper is placed below zinc. Only a more reactive metal can displace metal atom from ionic molecules.
A single displacement reaction is a love triangle. There is a couple and there is a lusty lover who wishes to break the bond and destroy a family forever. It a case of divorce and remarriage.
A displacement reaction is not possible without the give and take of electrons. By analogy, divorce and remarriage is not possible without involvement of money. The electrons are the currency in the world of substance and atoms. What is money to us are electrons to atoms, exactly?
DISPLACEMENT REACTION IN HISTORY
Noorjehan (Mehar-un-Nisa) was the awesomely beautiful wife of the Mogul commander Sheerafghan Istajlu, a Turk by berth, during the reign of Akbar the great. Noorjehan was a beauty with brain and muscles as well. She was an expert archer, a perfect horse rider, and a perfectionist in sword fight etc, and Sherafghan, on the other hand, was a lion heart with his legendary muscle strength with which he is supposed to have killed a tiger with his bare hands. Salim (The crown-prince) saw Noorjehan somewhere in the palace and lost his mental balance, he was totally blown away by her magical charm and perfect beauty. After the death of King Akbar, price Salim (Jahangir) became the emperor and at the first go he got Sherafghan killed in a coup blame game, and later, after four years, married Noorjehan who became the queen of India and ruled India with an Iron grip when Salim lost his health to opium addiction.
CuSO4 => Sherafghan and Noorjehan
Zinc => Jahangir
ZnSO4 => Jahangir and Noorjehan
3. DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION
The double displacement reaction is akin to a simple case of swapping sexual partners which is a common practice in the United States of America and the European countries. Two beautiful and rich couples become friends and they exchange their mates. Wife swapping is very common among the business class.
“Wealth is the fountainhead of passions.”
H2SO4 + 2NaOH à Na2SO4 + 2H2O
You can imagine sulphuric acid to be a weak husband and wife, H2 is the husband and SO4, the wife. And you can imagine NaOH to be a very strong, head strong, couple. Here Na atom is the male and OH group is the female. The weak sulphate goes with the strong sodium and the weak H2 goes with the strong OH group.
In very double displacement reaction electrons are involved, and in every wife swapping case money and power are involved. You will very rarely hear about wife swapping among poor people.
OH is stronger than sulphate and sodium is stronger than hydrogen. The weak always goes with the strong. Hence the weak hydrogen goes with strong OH and the weak Sulphate goes with the strong sodium. When the husband is very strong and powerful the wife should be weak and vice-versa. If both the husband and the wife are strong it is not good, and if both the husband and the wife are weak that also will lead to a break up. Every action is a pursuit to establish balance.
4. REDOX REACTION
Gaining electrons is called reduction, and losing electrons is called oxidation in terms of electron exchange. A reaction in which reduction and oxidation takes place at the same time is called a redox reaction. Except covalent bond formation all the other bond formations are mostly redox reactions.
In terms of oxygen atoms, a reaction in which the removal and addition of oxygen atoms takes place at the same time is called a redox reaction while in terms of hydrogen, a reaction in which addition and removal hydrogen takes place is called redox reaction. Removal of oxygen and addition of hydrogen is reduction while addition of oxygen atoms and removal of hydrogen atoms is oxidation. This happens because oxygen and hydrogen are opposite in behaviour.
Increase in negative charge of an atom or ion refers to reduction while while increase in positive charge of an atom refers to oxidation.
Remember the word “OILRIG” for oxidation and reduction.
OIL = Oxygen Is Losing (electrons)
RIG = reduction is gaining (electrons)
All the atoms which lose electron are called reducing agent and they undergo oxidation. All the metal atoms are reducing agents. And all the atoms which gain electrons are called oxidising agent and they undergo reduction. All non-metals mostly are oxidising agents.
2Cu +O2 à 2CuO à 2Cu + O2
Redox reaction
Copper combines with oxygen to form copper oxide which is an oxidation reaction. In this reaction copper loses electron (oxidation).When copper oxide is heated it breaks into copper and oxygen. This is a reduction reaction. In this reaction the copper ions gain electrons and become neutral copper. The formation of copper oxide and it’s break down into copper and oxygen again, in the presence of heat, is an example of redox reaction.
All the combination reactions, displacement reactions, double displacement reactions and disproportionate reactions are redox reactions.
A sexual intercourse between a husband and a wife is analogous to a redox reaction. As sexual intercourse is the most important aspect of the human life, some of the most important reactions taking place in nature are redox reactions, following are the famous redox reactions which take place in nature,
1. Combustion
2. Respiration
3. Photosynthesis
5. DISPROPORTIONATE REACTION
You are a religious man during the day, and in the late nights you are visiting clubs and brothels.This is out of proportion. You are living two morally and ethically opposite lives, you are being disproportionate, as the great Urdu poet Mir Taqi Meer writes,
“Sheikh Jo hai masjid me nanga, raat ko tha maikhanay Mei;
Jubba, khira, kuta, topi masti mein inaaam keya”
“The religious man found naked in the mosque was in the club last night, in fit of delirium he gave away his gown, muffler, shirt and cap as a gift,”
Chlorine and oxygen are non- metals and undergo only reduction (gaining electrons). But there are some reaction in which the chlorine and oxygen atom show opposite behaviour, they undergo both reduction and oxidation. A reaction in which an element shows both oxidation and reduction is called disproportionate reaction.
2H2O2 à 2H2O + O2
In the above reaction one oxygen atom (H2O) accepts electrons (reduction) and the oxygen atom in O2 undergoes oxidation (loses electrons).The oxygen atom is showing opposite behaviour in the same reaction.
The following is the disproportionate reaction of chlorine,
2NaOH + Cl2 
NaClO + NaCl + H2O
In the above disproportionate reaction the chlorine atom of NaClO undergoes oxidation while the chlorine atom of NaCl undergoes reduction.Duality is the primary nature of matter, but it is hidden most of the time. Sometimes it is expressed as we have seen in the above two disproportionate reactions.
8. THE PERIODIC TABLE AND THE GREAT HUMAN DIASPORA
The 94 natural elements and the 24 man-made elements (artificial elements) are arranged in the modern periodic table following the electronic configuration of each element. Elements just behave as the human being. Among the human beings, you will find different archetype and groups; doctors, lawyers, engineers,criminals,saints etc likewise we find repetition of properties in the periodic table; metals, non-metals, metalloids, alkali metals, alkaline metals, noble gases etc.Among human being there is repetition of characters, in every generation, the same characters reappears again and again. In the periodic table of elements also there is repetition of properties. In every period the metals are there, the metals are mostly in the left side of the periodic table and the non-metals are on the right of the periodic table, atomic size of elements increases from top to bottom in a group, the metallic behaviour increases from left to right in a period etc. It was difficult for the scientific community to digest this repetitive behaviour of elements as if they are having some kind of consciousness. But the modern nuclear physics and quantum mechanics are leading to the conclusion that everything, living and non-living, have a common basic level of consciousness. In the present scenario the modern periodic table inculcates the quantum mechanical behaviour of elements as well. It simply means the modern periodic table is based on the quantum mechanics.
According to Carl Jung, the famous psychologist and guru of Sigmund Freud, there are only twelve types of human being, the twelve archetypes which are as follows,
1. Innocent man -
2. The everyman-
3. The hero-
4. The rebel-
5. The explorer
6. The creator
7. The ruler
8. The magician
9. The lover
10. The care giver
11. The jester
12. The sage
The seven billion people of the world can be categorized into the above 12 types which can be further categorized into 94 types on the basis of the characteristic of the 94 elements found in nature. The 94 natural elements and the 24 artificial elements have to be categorised and arranged in the form of the periodic table so that it becomes easy to identify them along with their properties. As of now, in the present scenario, there are 118 elements out of which 94 are found in nature. The last natural element is Plutonium (94) which is named after the last planet Pluto. Plutonium is a radioactive element. On August 9-1945, the atomic bomb-Fatman- was dropped on Nagasaki-Japan by the USA.It was made of Plutonium. The city Nagasaki got destroyed because of the last natural element. The first element hydrogen produces fires in stars and the sun and the last element had a explosive ending in Nagasaki. Hydrogen and Plutonium are equally destructive. Hydrogen is used in nuclear fusion and Plutonium is used in nuclear fission. One is a gas and the other is a solid.
Like the 12 human archetype the 118 elements in the periodic table can categorised into the following twelve types,
1. Metals 2.non-metals 3.metalloids 4.s-block elements 5. P-block elements 6. D-block elements 7.f-block elements 8.Noble gases 9. Alkali metals 10.alkaline metals 11.transition elements 12. Inner-transition elements.
Twelve is an important number because there are 12 months in a year, there are 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the human body, a clock is divided into 12 phases, there were 12 successors of Moses, there were twelve tribes of Moses, there were twelve successor of Jesus etc.
The above twelve types can be further micro-categorised into 118 types of elements, each element being a category in itself. All the 94 elements are found in the earth crust, and amazingly our body also contains all the 94 elements. All the 94 elements are from stars; the first 26 elements are formed in the stars and the remaining 68 elements are formed when the star explodes (supernova explosion).It means we are stardust and sons of the soil as well-duality-quantum mechanics.
When a star explodes, all the 94 elements are released into space. With the passage of time, these elements come closer because of the Newton’s law of gravitation and form planets. All the planets found in the universe are made of the 94 natural elements so is our earth and we.
All the elements in the periodic table have different properties because of their atomic number. No two elements with same properties are found in the periodic table. The lanthanides and the actinides are kept outside the periodic table because they have similar properties. The atomic number of elements is the basic principle on the basis of which the elements are arranged in the periodic principle. Difference arises when you become different internally.
Number 7
The number 7 is the exact half of the number 14.You can say that seven represent 14.There are seven horizontal rows in the periodic table called periods. There are only seven periods in the periodic table because there are only seven orbits in the atoms of all the natural elements. The periodic table of anti-matter will also be made of seven periods. The number of periods in the matter and anti-matter periodic table is 14.There are 14 colour in the spectrum of the white light (including visible and invisible colours).The are seven days and seven nights in a week which makes an overall 14.There are fourteen phalanges in our five fingers. Our face is made of exactly 14 bones, 7 on the left and 7 on the right etc. The lanthanide series of elements outside the periodic table includes 14 elements. The actinide series outside the periodic table is also made of 14 elements.
METALS, NON-METALS AND METALLOIDS
On the basis of sexuality the human race is divided into the male, the female and the eunuchs. The eunuchs are males with female characteristics. They can also be described as the dual gender. Likewise the periodic table of elements has only three types of elements; Metals-the male, non-metals-the female and metalloids- the dual natured beings of the periodic table. There are 94 natural elements out of which 70 are metals, 16 are non-metals and the remaining 8 are metalloids.
METALS: The metals have a tendency to give electrons and hence they are called reducing agent. To lose electrons is called oxidation. Metals undergo oxidation, but are reducing agents because they cause the reduction of non-metals. Reduction means to accept or gain electrons.
Metals are the male counterpart in the periodic table while non-metals are the female counter part. The metalloids are the connecting link between the male and the female. All the properties of the metals are akin to the characteristics of a macho male. Metals are tough, males are tough; metals are sonorous (produce sound) males are loud; metals are shiny (lustrous) and the male are more shiny than the female if the makeup money is neglected; metals are good conductor of heat and electricity, males are risk takers and are more accepting by nature.
NON-METALS: The non-metals have a tendency to accept electrons and hence are called oxidising agent. They oxidise metals which means their presence makes the metals to undergo oxidation (losing electrons).Non-metals undergo reduction and are oxidising agents. Non-metals are not as solid as metals. A majority of the non-metals are gases. Bromine is the only liquid non-metal. All the characteristics of non-metals are found in females. Non-metals are bad conductors of heat and electricity, the female are interovert.Non-metals are soft, females are soft. Non-metals are not sonorous, females are not loud. I request my reader to not to count the exceptions because exceptions is not the rule.
METALLOIDS: There are only eight metalloids in the periodic table. They are the real minorities. Among humans also the dual natured beings are in minority. The real majority is of males, the next comes the female and last and the least are the dual natured beings. The analogy is stunning. In the periodic table the total number of metals is 68 in number which is a sweeping majority. The non-metals are the next, 16 and metalloids only 8.
The metalloids have properties in between metals and non-metals. The solidity of metalloids is in between metals and non-metals. The metalloids neither take electrons nor give electrons; they only share electrons, mostly. The metalloids are not very good conductors of electricity nor are they a very bad conductor of electricity. Their conductivity lies in between those of metals and non-metals and hence are called semi-conductors. All the modern gadgets, from your mobile phone to your laptop, are silicon based which is a semiconductor and a metalloid.
9. HOMO SAPIENS IN THE PERIODIC TABLE
In this topic we shall try to find out which element relates to which human character. This topic again will be a proof that man is the centre. Those behaviour patterns which are found in the Homo sapiens (human being) are exactly found in the elements. The characteristic of elements are because of human beings and not vice-versa. The list of human beings to whom I will be relating the elements is purely arbitrary. One of the aims of this topic is also to help student remember some of the basic properties of all the 94 elements. You can have your own list of human characters; I have no objection in this regard.
1. HYDROGEN-H
Hydrogen is a gas with atomic number one. It has only one electron and one proton. There is no neutron in normal hydrogen atom. The position of hydrogen in the periodic table is still in unclear. Some scientists regard it as a metal and place it among alkali metals (the sodium family) while other think that hydrogen belongs to halogens because when you place hydrogen above fluorine, in the 7th group, and add the atomic numbers of hydrogen and chlorine and divided it by 2, you get the atomic number of Fluorine, which is 9, forming a triad. If you analyse on the basis of the chemical properties there will be no doubt that hydrogen is a metal. The periodic table is based mainly on the chemical properties of elements.
Hydrogen has duality; it has both the characteristic of metals and non-metals. All the first things which came into existence had duality. This you can find in the connecting links of the biological world which came into existence during the process of evolution. The first plant cell had duality, the first metazoan had duality, the fist fish had duality, the first amphibian had duality, the first reptile had duality, the first bird had duality (archaeopteryx), the first mammal had duality (duck billed platypus) and the first human being, father Adam had duality. According to the religious scriptures father Adam was made alone and mother eve was inside him. God took out Mother Eve from father Adam. Hydrogen is the Adam of the periodic table having duality. Hydrogen is very impulsive like Adam who could not resist the temptation of eating the forbidden apple. Hydrogen puts of a burning match stick with a pop sound not because it is not a supporter of burning (combustion), to the contrary, hydrogen is a highly inflammable gas. It puts of a burning matchstick because it reacts with oxygen with lightening speed and finishes of all the oxygen putting off the flame.
2. HELIUM-He
Helium is the first noble gas which exists in an atomic state. Helium does not form a molecule, it is monatomic. Our mom, Eve, was the second human being to come into existence. She had all the characteristic of a noble gas (Helium).She was a good company to our father Adam, and of course, she had no partner apart from father Adam (she was monatomic in the real sense of the word).,and there is no record that she ever annoyed Adam anytime in her life. Mom Eve was as noble as Helium gas.
3. LITHIUM-Li
Father Adam was a perfect husband, and a perfect man, and mother Eve was a perfect woman. Their first born, Cain (Qaabeel) was an evil personified. He was a perfect devil in disguise. The son of a gun is always a tailor fits here very well. He was exactly opposite of his father.
Cain is Lithium, the murderer. Lithium batteries took many lives in plane crash and electronic equipment explosions (mobile phones etc). Lithium is sensitive to temperature and can catch fire quickly. As Lithium is positioned in the left corner of the periodic table, and that too, at the top of its group, it has a very small atomic size and hence very high ionisation energy. It means Lithium is very stingy in giving its electron. Cain also was very stingy by nature and that is the reason his sacrifice was not accepted.
4. BERYLLIUM-Be
Beryllium belongs to the 2nd group of the periodic table and is called alkaline earth metal because it gives a basic solution when dissolved in water (alkali) and is also found abundantly in the earth’s crust. Beryllium is used as the hull in an atomic bomb. It makes the chain reaction go faster by absorbing neutron and hence helps in the explosion of the atomic bomb. Benito Mussolini supporting Adolf Hitler during the 2nd world war was like Beryllium supporting the explosion of the nuclear bomb. To me Beryllium is the Benito Mussolini in the periodic table. And strangely enough ‘B’ stands for Benito Mussolini and the first alphabet of the elements Beryllium is also B. The symbol of Beryllium is Be.
5. BORON-B
Boron is a metalloid; it has both the characteristics of metal and non-metals. It forms acids. The famous boric acid which is used while playing carrom board, to make the surface of the board smooth, is a compound of Boron. Boron is dark with a very high melting point and is a semi-conductor of electricity. It is used to make bullet proof jackets because of its durability. It absorbs neutron and unlike Beryllium controls the nuclear chain reaction.Dr.APJ.Abdul Kalam was dark like Boron, he lived as a bachelor without getting married (metalloid) and made India bulletproof by establishing India as a nuclear power.
6. CARBON-C
The atomic number of carbon is 6. It is a dark, hard and is a good conductor of heat and electricity. It is a non-metal, and is not included among metalloid because of its high electric conductivity, metalloids are semi-conductors. Like Nitrogen, Carbon is the next important element for life. Where there is Carbon, there is life. Carbon can be compared to those head-strong, powerful and highly intelligent women who end up as police inspectors, weight lifters, pilots etc.Such females have both the characteristics of the male and the female, but are not considered eunuch because of their productivity and well developed female characteristics. The erstwhile prime minister of India MS.Indra Gandhi who ruled India with an iron fist fits as carbon in the periodic table.
7. NITROGEN-N
Nitrogen exists as an inert gas (N2-diatomic) in nature. The air we breathe contains 79% of nitrogen gas so as to dilute the poisonous oxygen. Pure oxygen is a poison. The potato chips packets are filled with nitrogen gas to keep intact their freshness. All living organisms are made of proteins. Proteins are the basic stuff of life. The proteins are made of amino acids, and the main component of every amino acid is nitrogen. Nitrogen is the stuff of life. Where there is nitrogen, there is life. To the scientist studying extra-terrestrial biology the existence of nitrogenous compound on any star or plant is a confirmation of the existence of life.
Mothers are nitrogen-strong, fluid, enduring and spiritual (atomic.no-7). You cannot generate life from a single sperm alone, you need an egg. But you can convert an egg into a living baby (cloning). Holy Mary (Marium) gave Jesus to the world without a father. To me Holy Mary is Nitrogen in the periodic table.
8. OXYGEN-O
As I have told before, pure oxygen is a poison. Oxygen sustains life in dilution. Oxygen burns glucose in our cells to give energy and sustain life, but at the same time oxygen damages material and food stuff (oxidation) by rusting and rancidity.
Your wife or your sexual partner is your oxygen metaphorically as well as in reality. Behind every successful man there is a woman and behind every failed man is also a woman.
Julius Cesar had long affair with Cleopatra. He rose to fame and success when Cleopatra came in his life, and later Cleopatra contributed to the defeat and suicide of Antony by leaving the battle field at the crucial stage. Cleopatra made Julius Cesar and destroyed Antony. She was oxygen.
9. FLUORINE-F
The atomic number nine of Fluorine makes it the most greedy element for electrons (high electro negativity) as it need only one electron to attain nobility- the electronic configuration of Neon.Flouorine is used in toothpaste because of its anti-bacterial activity and it’s polishing affect-making the teeth white.
Roushanara Begum, sister of Aurangzeb, fits the description of Fluorine because of her greedy, cunning and lethal nature. She had a hand in the success of her brother Aurangzeb, but at the same time was responsible for the killing of her elder brother and crown prince Dara Shukoh. She was poisoning Aurangzeb’s mind against Dara Shukoh all the time.
10. NEON-Ne
Neon is a noble gas. It does not react with any chemicals or element. There are no compounds of the element Neon. But Neon gas reacts with electricity to give its characteristic red colour and for this reason it is used in the Neon bulbs.
Gandhi Ji was a non-violent and peace loving man. He was noble in the real sense of the word worthy of being called the father of the Nation. But he reacted with British just as the Neon gas reacts with electricity to give freedom to India (the red colour).
11. SODIUM=NATRIUM-Na
The old Latin name of the element sodium is Natrium and that is the reason it is represented by the symbol Na. When Sodium increases in your body you feel thristy.Thirst is the indicator of high level of sodium in your body. Sodium is the most reactive metal in the reactivity series of metal. It can be easily cut with a knife. It catches fire in water.
Emperor Shahjehan, just like sodium, was strong, powerful, and active and at the same time soft because of Mumtaz’s love. Emperors are lusty people, they are never lover boys, but Shahjehan was one. His magnum opus Taj Mahal is the poof of his soft loving heart. His excessive thirst (love) for Mumtaz Mahal makes him the element Sodium in the periodic table.
12. MAGNESIUM-Mg
Magnesium is a strong and shiny metal which is going to replace aluminium in the future air crafts. Magnesium burns with dazzling light in air and hence is used in diwali crackers. Emperor Akbar had the brilliance, charm and strength of magnesium.
13. ALUMINUM-Al
Aluminium is a strange metal. It displaces iron from iron oxide and hence is used in thermite welding which is, even today, used to weld cracks in the ships sailing in the oceans.
2Al + Fe2O3 ----à Al2O3 + 2Fe
India was ruled by very strong kings having the strength of iron, but somehow Babur was successful in displacing the kings like Rana Sanga and Ibrahim Lodhi to establish his soverginity in Indai.Aluminium is amphoteric in nature, it forms both acidic and basic oxides. Babur also had contradictory qualities. He was a worldly king and at the same time was deeply religious person.
14. SILICON-Si
Silicon is a metalloid. It has both the characteristic of metal and non-metals. The earth crust is made of silicon dioxide which is also called silica. The knowledge is stored in computers and mobile phone in silicon chip.
One of the title of Hazrat Ali, the cousin and son in-law of Prophet Muhammad was Abu Turab-father of sand. This title was given to him by Prophet Muhammad himself. Prophet Muhammad also regarded Ali as the compendium of all knowledge which is again a property of silicon. I do not exactly know the reason why Prophet Muhammad declared Ali as the father of sand. It may be because Ali (pbuh) was a man of battlefields and often returning home with full of dust (sand) on his body, it is my conjecture.He was a much grounded, down to earth, man of wisdom and strength, and hence fits the description of silicon in the periodic table.
15. PHOSPHOROUS-P
Phosphorous has many forms; yellow, brown etc but the real phosphorous is white phosphorous which later gets converted into yellow and brown phosphorous. It is a shiny element. Human bones shine in the dark because of its phosphorous content. The red coloured chemical at the top of a match stick is red phosphorous.
Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose was the greatest theoretical physicist India has ever produced. He along with Einstein proposed the concept of the 5th state of matter called the Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC). Matter at zero Kelvin is called BEC.After almost fifty years of research scientist successfully produced BEC, the coldest matter, in 1995.In the world of theoretical physics Dr.JC.Bose shines as phosphorous.
16. SULPHUR-S
Sulphur is a brittle and solid non-metal. It has allotropic forms. It burns in air to give a pungent and bad smelling gas called sulphur dioxide. Sulphur dioxide is converted into sulphur trioxide and is dissolved in water to produce sulphuric acid.
All those negative elements in the society who spread discord and unpleasantness are sulphur. All those criminals who enter into politics and gain power to spread bad smell in the society are sulphur.
17. CHLORINE-Cl
Chlorine is a highly poisonous gas. It has very high density and was used by Fritz Haber, a German Jewish chemist, as a chemical weapon. More than 60 thousand people suffered and thousands died because of the war application of chlorine gas by Germany. Clara Immerwahr, wife of Fritz Haber, also a chemist by profession, tried to stop Haber from his deadly pursuit. Haber was a very ambitious man with an unyielding attitude. Clara Immerwahr committed suicide with Haber’s pistol in order to stop him from using chlorine as a chemical weapon. Her suicide did not help because Haber continued to use chlorine on behalf of Germany to eliminate people. Fritz Haber was given the Nobel Prize in chemistry for discovering the Haber’s process for the manufacture of ammonia. On one hand Fritz Haber become a killer of mankind by using chlorine to kill people and on the other hand his Haber’s process helps and is still helping millions of hungry people with food. Ammonia is used to make fertilizers for plants even to this day. Fritz Haber’s son committed suicide in the united states at a quite young age. Later Fritz Haber has to suffer at the hands of the Nazi’s of Germany. To me Fritz Haber is chlorine gas in the periodic table. He was as poisonous as the chlorine gas itself.
18. ARGON-Ar
Argon is a noble gas. The percentage of Argon in air is almost 1%. Argon is denser than oxygen and nitrogen and therefore accumulates in small and congested places causing death by asphyxiation or suffocation. When you are trapped in a lift or a very small space you will be inhaling more argon which will accumulate in your lungs, and as because it is noble and does not react, it causes death by suffocation. Noble people like noble gases become dangerous when restricted or compressed. As the famous saying goes,
“Fear a Noble person when he is hungry and an ignoble when he is satiated “
When asked the last wish of Cheguvera, he Said,” I do not want to die hungry.”
Cheguvera was argon. He asphyxiated the American army in congested jungles of Bolivia using his guerrilla warfare tactics.
19. POTASSIUM-K
The atomic number of potassium is 19. It means it has 19 protons and 19 electrons.
Potassium is an alkali metal placed at the top of the reactivity series of metals because of its powerful reactive nature. Potassium explodes when comes in contact with water. Water has duality; it acts as base and sometimes acid. We hate dual natured people (hypocrites), but we are made of quantum particles which has duality. People who are very honest and clean cannot stand hypocrites even for a second.
The main character of the English movie “Joker”, played by Joaquin Phoenix, is a very honest simpleton who cannot withstand double standards in the society. His name is Arthur. Arthur is just potassium; he ends up killing three youngsters in a train and shooting his interviewer in a television show. He does all of this because he cannot tolerate double standards.
20. CALCIIUM-Ca
Bones are the foundation of our body. Calcium makes our bones strong. Any person who helps in making your foundation strong in any given area is calcium for you in that area. Your school and your teachers are the real calcium of your professional life. Your parents are the calcium of your life itself.
21. SCANDIUM-Sc
The atomic number of Scandium is 21. The number 21 has spiritual significance in spiritual practices. Any spiritual treatment or meditation should be carried out for 21 days or 40 days. Reiki which is a Japanese spiritual meditation and spiritual treatment is done in 21 days sessions. Scandium because of its high melting point and anti-corrosive nature is used along with aluminium to make air craft. It gives strength to fly.
Any person who protects you from the damaging society and helps you to fly high in your professional life with strength is your Scandium.
The actor Salman Khan, in his youth, adopted a poor little girl as his sister from a slum area and gave her a rich and prosperous life. He got her married in a good family and gave her a huge amount of money and property. He also made the carrier of the music director, Himesh Reshamaya who was at the edge of a total collapse. These are just two examples I am giving.Salaman Khan has done a substantial amount of social work and is running many orphanages. For all these people Salman Khan deserves the tag of Scandium.
22. TITANIUM-Ti
Titanium is a very hard metal, but at the same time it is very light. And for this reason has large applications in aerospace. Titanium and its alloys are used in making space craft. All the deep sea submersibles are made of Titanium because it can withstand very high pressures without getting damaged. Titanium can bear pressure up to 300 atmospheres which is 300 times the atmospheric pressure.
The Titan submersible of the Ocean Gate disappeared at deep sea with its five crew members on June 18; 2023.It was named Titan, but was not fully made of Titanium. The major component of the submersible was carbon fibre
All the martial art experts with their strong and light body are Titanium in the real sense of the word. For me the great karate fighter, Bruce Lee, was Titanium.
23. VANADIUM-V
The atomic number of Vanadium is 23.The sum total of the number 23 is the number 5. The number five has spiritual significance. We have five senses; our hand is made of five fingers etc.Vanadium is used in paints and varnishes as a drying agent. Vanadium hastens the drying process and hence helps in bringing the paints to their real colour very fast.
All the wise gurus, not necessarily old, who warn you with their dry wisdom and help you to attain you real colour and realize your real strength are Vanadium. I am talking about the real gurus not the money minded false religious leaders or pseudo wise men.
To me our only noble laureate in literature, Dr.Rabindranath Tagore is Vanadium.
24. CHROMIUM-Cr
The atomic number of Chromium is 24. The sum total of number 24 is 6 which is considered as evil because of its association with anti-Christ number 666.The number 6 is associated with abnormality. The electronic configuration of chromium is abnormal (anomalous). The valence electronic configuration of chromium should be 4s23d4 but it is found to be 4s13d5. The word ‘chroma’ means colour. All the Chromium compounds are coloured (reddish).
The people of art; painters, poets, actors, singers, musicians etc, are Chromium. According to a theory of psychiatry all the artists are mentally abnormal. The role of art and creativity is to fill the gaps present in your psyche (mind). If you are mentally normal you will never have a desire to create. Your creativity or artistic nature grows in relation to the gaps or holes in your psyche. More the holes in your psyche, better the artist you become. Art is not abnormal, artists are abnormal. Art is the medicine and artist, the patients. When you are taking lots of medicines your are definitely sick. Like the abnormal electronic configuration of Chromium all the people of art have abnormal configuration. Mental abnormality is a blessing if it is making you a great artist. As Francis Bacon said,
“Too good is good for nothing.”
25. MANGANESE-Mn
The atomic number of Manganese is 25. The sum total of the number 25 is 7 which is again a very powerful number in the spiritual world. In nature the number seven is very common; there are seven visible colours of light, there are seven days in a weak, there are seven sounds, etc. Manganese is a hard and silvery-gray metal. It forms coloured compounds with different chemical behaviours. Manganese is the main atom in a majority of enzymes in our body. Enzymes are bio-catalyst. They increase the speed of reactions.
The letter ‘M’ stands for Manganese and it also stands for ‘Messi’, the greatest dribbler of the foot ball for all times. Dibbling needs speed, accuracy and strength which are the characteristic of the element Manganese and the dribbler Messi as well.
26. IRON-Fe
Iron stands for strength and durability. The percentage of iron in normal steel is 99%. Steel is Iron. Iron is the last element to form in stars. According to the scientist the iron present on earth does not belong to earth, it belonged to a comet which collided with the earth in its preliminary stages when it was a boiling fire ball. Iron is a reducing agent, it always gives electrons and hence undergo oxidation (when a metal loses electrons it gets oxygen.)
Mother Theresa was rough and tough like iron. She, like iron, was always giving and in the process got her oxygen. She gave away all her Noble Peace Prize money to the philanthropic organisation and orphanages. Like iron, she was also brittle, ductile and sonorous- the whole world was audible to her voice.
27. COBLAT-Co
The atomic number of Cobalt is 27. The sum total of the number 27 is the number 9 which is the most magical number in the world of mathematics. Cobalt stands for purity and strength.
Cobalt is used to remove sulphur from petroleum in petroleum industry. It helps in fighting environmental pollution.
Sunder Lal Bahuguna, the founder of CHIPKO movement, the environmentalist, who saved millions of trees and helped in fighting environmental pollution is Cobalt in the periodic table.
28. NICKEL-Ni
The atomic number of Nickel is 28. The sum total of the number 28 is 1 (2+8=10;1+0=1).The number one stands for superiority and dominance. Nickel is ferromagnetic substance. It is used in making permanent magnets because of its ferromagnetism.
The veteran actor Rajnikant is Nickel. The word ‘Kantam’ means a magnet (in tamil) which explains his magnetism and charisma. Everyone is attracted towards him. When I was watching the movie ‘Robo” which is ‘Indran” in tamil, at times, he is more attractive than the miss universe-Aishwariya Rai- in the movie, means your eyes go more on Rajnikanth. Iron is more ferromagnetic and paramagnetic than Nickel, so why not call Rajnikant as iron? The answer is, yes iron is more ferromagnetic than Nickel, but iron is not resistant to corrosion. Nickel is resistant to corrosion. Rajnikanth, 70+, comes in lead roles even today. Time could not corrode his charm.
29. COPPER-Cu
Copper is a very good conductor of electricity. It is a strong, ductile and malleable metal ( it can be drawn in wires and plates).Copper is a house hold name. It is found in very house in the form electricity wires. Silver is a better conductor of electricity than copper, but it is very expensive and copper is cheap.
To me Cristiano Rolando, the greatest foot ball player of all time with 936 goals to his credit, is copper. The letter “C” stands for Christiano Rolando and Copper as well. Ronaldo is a house hold name. His present wife or living partner is from a very humble origin. Like copper, he is available to the poor people as well.
30. ZINC-Zn
The atomic number of Zinc is 30. The sum total of the number 30 is 3 (3+0=3).Like the element Chromium, Zinc also bears an abnormal electronic configuration. Chromium represented the number 6 which represent metal abnormality. Zinc represents the number 3 which is half of 6.It means zinc is half abnormal to that of chromium. Zinc is a very active metal. It displaces copper from copper sulphate. When exposed to air zinc immediately form zinc oxide and zinc carbonate to prevent rusting and corrosion. This is called the self-healing property of zinc. The self-healing property of zinc is used to galvanize (coating iron, copper or steal with zinc layer) metals. Zinc is used as sacrificial anode to prevent the rusting of the hull of ships. The sacrificial anode pulls all the oxygen and other rust causing element towards itself and prevents the rusting of the ship’s body.
Vincent Priessnitz is considered the greatest self-healer and healer of all times. He treated his own serious disorder just by using intense water therapy (hydrotherapy).He was born in Austria in 1799. He inspired thousands of hydrotherapy healing centres worldwide. He introduced the concept of nature cure.
31. GALLIUM-Ga
Gallium belongs to the 13th group in the periodic table. It belongs to Boron and aluminium family. Gallium has a very low melting point, melts at room temperature, but has a high boiling point. This is a strange combination. Those parents who melt at every wish of their children and do not get angry with them or get angry very late, when they commit a murder or rape, are gallium.
Emperor Babur, the first Mughal emperor of India, was just gallium for his beloved son Humayum.When Humayun fell sick and was near his end, king Babur made seven circles around the bed of Humayun pleading to God to spare Humayun and take his life instead. Within a week of this incident Humayun became alright and Babur got bed ridden and died of an unknown sickness. Kings are harsh ruthless people even for their children but Babur was different, he was Gallium.
32. GERMANIUM-Ge
Germanium belongs to the 14th group in the periodic table. It belongs to carbon and silicon family. The atomic number of germanium is 32. The sum of 3 and 2 is 5.Five, again is powerful spiritual number. Germanium bracelets and rings are used in spiritual practices. Germanium is a metalloid. It is a far infrared rays emitter. Far infrared rays are biological currents present in every living organism. All far infra red rays emitters have healing properties. Wearing germanium bracelets and necklaces can improve your health.
Sai Baba of Shirdi was a great healer. He healed many people just by the touch of his hand. Healing saints have a very high dose of Far Infra red rays (FIR) coming out of their body.Sai Baba was germanium for the people of his time.
33. ARSENIC-As
The atomic number of arsenic is 33 the sum of which is 6, and six as we discussed before is an evil number according to the experts of exorcism. Arsenic is a metalloid and is poisonous in nature. Arsenic poisoning causes severe diarrhoea, vomiting, grey stools and finally death. It was used as rat poison.
Many of the erstwhile kings were poisoned with arsenic. King Akbar also survived many arsenic poisoning attempts. The country Bangladesh lies exactly on the arsenic belt. Its ground water is contaminated with arsenic. Cancer is on high in Bangladesh villages where ground water is used for drinking. WHO has taken the responsibility of providing bottled drinking water to Bangladesh. Being a metalloid, arsenic has both the properties of a metal as well as a non-metal. It is strong as well as weak. The person who fits on the characteristics of Arsenic in Indian politics is Rahul Gandhi. There was a time when Rahul Gandhi was made fun of in the parliament by the BJP leader. Later on, those very same leaders had panic attacks, stomach upset and diarrhoea because of him. Rahul Gandhi is Arsenic for BJP.
34. SELENIUM-Se
The atomic number of selenium is 34. The sum of 3 and 4 is 7. The number seven as we have discussed before has religious significance. Selenium has photovoltaic properties. When light falls on selenium it produces electric current .For this reason selenium is used to make photocells and solar cell.
The conversion of light into electric current by materials like selenium and sodium is called photoelectric effect. Einstein got Nobel Prize in physics for explaining the photoelectric effect using quantum mechanics. Einstein is selenium in the periodic table.
35. BROMINE-Br
It belongs to fluorine and chlorine family. It is the only non-metal which exists as liquid at room temperature. Bromine gas is not as poisonous as chlorine, but if inhaled heavily can cause suffocation along with a kind of headache you have never experienced in your life; it will be as a mountain is lodged inside your head. It will not go whatsoever painkiller you take. You just take nebulizer along with asthalin, if you have one at home, or you can go to a nearby hospital and take oxygen. It will vanish as soon as you start taking oxygen.
The woman in your life who is causing you severe headache and suffocation is the bromine gas in your life. The only remedy is to run away from her as far as possible and be free from all kind of marital relationships for sometime (oxygen).
Monica Lewinski was bromine gas for Bill Clinton who became the cause of his impeachment at the American Parliament.
36. KRYPTON-Kr
Krypton is a Noble gas. Its atomic number is 36.The sum total of the number 36 is 9.The number nine as we have discussed before is the queen of real numbers. It the largest single digit number, and has magical properties. Any number, two digits or more than two digits, can be reduced to 9. If absorbed heavily krypton can cause narcosis, suffocation and death. If it goes in the lungs it will just be there, and as it is heavier than air it will not allow the air to come inside the lung, it will just be there till you die.
It is a noble and non-reactive gas, but if you try to dominate it by inhaling it, it will kill you.
Really good women from good families are like krypton, if you try to dominate them and mess with them they will bring the dead man out of you.
Rani Laxmi Bai, the great warrior queen of India, fits the description of Krypton. She was a noble princess who gave nightmares to the British Empire when they tried to mess with her.
37. RUBIDIUM-Rb
Rubidium is a radioactive metal of low atomic number. It is an alkali metal belonging to the first group. It is a hard silver coloured metal. Our body contains only half a gram of Rubidium. As it emits radiation it is used to detect tumours in our body. Rubidium gets accumulated in large quantities in the cancerous tumours and exposes them (the radiation is detected by a gamma camera.)
The great Indain spy, Ravindra Kaushik, known as The Black Tiger fits the description of Rubidium. He infiltrated the Pakistani army and rose to the rank of a Major. He was caught accidently and sentenced to death.
38. STRONTIUM-Sr
Strontium also is a silver coloured metal, but it is an alkaline earth metal belonging to the second group of the periodic table. It is used to give red colour to firework (crackers) and flares.
The colour red stands for passion and sex. The Casanova like president of Libya, Carnal Ghaddafi, lived a red life full of sexual promiscuity. All his guards were women; he just wanted to be surrounded by women 24/7. He had a personal gynaecological hospital just underground his place to do a quick abortion of his pregnant girlfriends. Despite of all this, he called the American singer, Beyonce, just for two days and paid her a huge two million dollars (Indian twenty crore rupees). Nobody can beat Ghaddafi in sexual promiscuity; he shines like the red flares of Strontium in the sky.
39. YTTRIUM-Y
Yttrium is a transition metal and is called a rare-earth element. The rare-earth elements not really rare. They are called so because they are never found in a pure state, and it is difficult to extract them from their ores. Yttrium-39 is used in all LED lamps to produce red colour. The LED lamps produce white light by producing red, blue and green light. The source of red colour light in all LED is Yttrium. The blue and green light in all LEDs is produced by Indium-Gallium nitride (InGaN).
LED stands for Light Emitting Diode. Nick Holonyak discovered the first light emitting diode. He died at the age of 93.The sum total of the number 93 is 12 (9+3=12).The atomic number of Yttrium is 39 which is the exact reverse of 93.But the sum total of the number 39 is also 12 (3+9=12). To me Nick Holonyak is the element Yttrium in the periodic table.
40. ZIRCONIUM-Zr
Zirconium is one of the hardest metals. The name Zirconium is form the Persian word ‘zargun’ which means gold. Its melting point and boiling point are very high. For this reason it is used as mould for other molten metals. Molten iron and other molten metals are kept in zirconium moulds. It is highly corrosion resistant and hence is also used in space crafts.
The Great Gamma Pahalwan was the strongest man the world has ever produced. He never lost a fight in his life. He defeated the great foreign wrestlers like Maurice Deriaz,(Switzerland),Jesse Peterson (Sweden),Benjamin Roller (United States) etc in just a few minutes.. He lived a long healthy life without any complications despite of his heavy workouts. He used to drink twenty litres of milk and consume 3kg of butter on a daily basis. The Great Gamma Pahalwan is our Zirconium in the periodic table.
41. NIOBIUM-Nb
Niobium belongs to the vanadium family. It is a transition metal with a huge melting point of 2477 centigrade. It is grey white in colour. It is the main element in almost a majority of the ultramodern equipments. It is use in MRI machines for superconductivity, it is used to make surgical implants because of its biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, it is used in electronics to make capacitors, it is used in aerospace, it is used to make hypoallergenic jewellery for sensitive skin etc.We can say that niobium is the architect of our modern age which is as wonderful and as complicated as the great Taj Mahal.
To me Ahmad Lahore, the architect of Taj Mahal, is the Niobium in the periodic table.Ahnad Lahore is also the architect of the great Red Fort. He was the niobium of his age.
42. MOLYBEDENUM-Mo
Molybdenum is a hard silvery metal with the highest melting point of 2623 centigrade. It belongs to the 6th group of the periodic table. The atomic number of molybdenum is 42.The sum total of the number 42 is 6 and the group to which it belongs is also 6 in the periodic table. Molybdenum is the cofactor of many enzymes in a majority of the living organism. Enzymes are biocatalyst which makes a reaction go faster without getting used in the reaction. The nitrogen fixing bacteria have molybdenum containing enzyme which convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogenous compounds with ease. Nitrogen combines with oxygen at 50,000 C when lightening takes place during a rainy day. But molybdenum does this herculean task with ease in nitrogen fixing bacteria at normal temperature.
Emperor Akbar the great was unable to produce babies for a long time. His empire increased in size, but there was no heir to him. His desperation to have a progeny took him to the poor saint in Sikri-Salim Chisti.Akbar went to Salim Chisti bare footed.Salim Chisti promised Akbar that he will pray to God to bless him with kids. Exactly after one year of his voyage to Salim Chisti a baby boy was born to Akbar. He named the child Salim after his saint Salim Chistri, and converted the barren village of Sikri into a big city called Fatehpur Sikri.Salim Chisti was molybdenum in Emperor Akbar’s life.
43. TECHNETIUM-Tc
Technetium is the only radioactive element in the manganese family .The atomic number of technetium is 43.The sum total of the number 43 is 7.The group number of technetium in the periodic table is also 7. Is is not strange? The sum total of manganese atomic number is also 7 and it also belongs to the same 7th group as technetium. It is a bit surprising for me. Technetium is found in very small amount in nature.Technetium-99 is used in nuclear medicine to study bone cancer.
Technetium is the only radioactive element in its group and likewise Shashi Tharoor is only perfect writer, professional writer, among the politicians. His books; why I am a Hindu, an era of darkness and inglorious empire are masterpiece in themselves.
44. RUTHENIUM-Ru
Ruthenium is hard silvery transition metal (d-block) with atomic number 44.The sum total of the number 44 is 8 (4+4=8) and strangely enough, ruthenium belongs to the 8th group in the periodic table. It is used as electric contact (sputtering) between two heavy voltage circuits to avoid danger. As soon as the ruthenium contact is removed the heavy voltage circuit is disabled. This is done in order to reduce danger of very high voltage circuits.
All the Prophets who were send by God to humanity are Ruthenium. Prophets connect man to God. Their absence is important so as to prevent humanity from becoming over religious and extremist.
45. RHODIUM-Rh
The atomic number of Rhodium is 45. The sum total of the number 45 is 9, and it belongs to the cobalt family, the 9th group of the periodic table. It is a silvery white hard metal. It is called a noble metal because it is highly corrosion resistant. It is used in three way catalytic converters of bikes to convert the dangerous environmental pollutants like NO2 and NO to environmental friendly N2 gas.
To me Wangari Meethai is rhodium because she got the Nobel Peace in 2004 for the green belt movement which focussed on reforestation and environmental protection.
46. PALLADIUM-Pd
Palladium belongs to the 10th group in the periodic table as its atomic number is 46 (4+6=10).It belongs to the Nickel family. Palladium is a hard transition metal with a very high hydrogen gas absorbing capacity. Palladium can absorb hydrogen gas a nine hundred times its own volume.
The British Olympic rower Pete Reed had the highest lung capacity of 500 litres. He is the Palladium in the periodic table.
47. SILVER=ARGENTIUM-Ag
Silver belongs to the copper family of transition metals. The atomic number of silver is 47.The sum total of the number 47 is 11 (4+7=11).Silver belongs to the 11th group in the periodic table. Silver was used in ancient medicine to cure innumerable diseases. Even today, in this modern age, the silver nanoparticles has the following applications in medicine; treatment of viral infections, promoting faster healing, anti-inflamatory,promoting immunity, anti-cancer, dental implants and as bio-sensors.
The great ancient Indian doctor Sushruta (700BC) who wrote the famous Sushruta Samhita is the silver in the periodic table. Even today, his Sushruta Samhita is considered as the foundational text in ayurveda.He is the only person known to have performed complicated brain surgeries in 700BC.
48. CADMIUM-Cd
The atomic number of cadmium is 48 (4+8=12). It belongs to the 12th group in the periodic table. And its isotopes are also 12 in number. The cadmium rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the nuclear fission by absorbing the neutrons. Cadmium is also called nuclear poison because of its tendency to stop a nuclear reaction.
When United States of America was testing its nuclear weapons indescrimately by destroying the environment (1970), Dorothy, IrvingStowe, Jim and Marie Bohlen, Paul Cote and Bob Hunter opposed USA and stopped their nuclear testing at Amchitka Island. Their organisation was called ‘Greenpeace’. Today Greenpeace is the second largest and richest, next only toWWF, environmental watchdog. It is working in 40 countries for nuclear disarmament. The Greenpeace organisation is the Cadmium in the periodic table.
49. INDIUM-In
Indium is a hard metal belonging to the boron family. Its atomic number is 49.Now you can easily guess that it belongs to the 13th group (4+9=13).Indium has superconducting properties at room temperature which makes it useful in quantum computing which is considered as pure magic.
To me Harry Houdini, the greatest magician of all times, is indium in the periodic table.
50. TIN=STANNUM-Sn
Tin should belong to the 14th group in the periodic table as its atomic number is 50 (14 =5). Tin belongs to the carbon family in the periodic table. Tin is a hard and shiny metal with a very low melting point. Because of its low melting point tin is used in soldering any two electric components at a time. Like a child, it melts and becomes solid again. Children have more amount of haemoglobin than adult (solid). Children play the role of binding parents. All the children to me are tin in the periodic table.
51. ANTIMONY=STIBIUM-Sb
Antimony is a metalloid; it has both the properties of a metal and a non-metal. Its atomic number is 51. It belongs to the 15th group in the periodic table (51=5+1=6, 15=1+5=6).It is used as a dopant; an impurity added to a semi-conductor increasing its conductivity. In the world of electronics antimony is a necessary evil.
Hina Rabbani Khar was the secretary of the then prime minister of Pakistan-Asif Ali Zardari.She was very intelligent and beautiful as well. She played the role of antimony in the Pakistani politics.
52. TELLURIUM-Te
The atomic number of tellurium is 52 (5+2=7). It belongs to the group 16 (1+6=7) of the periodic table. It is a brittle and silvery white metalloid. It belongs to the oxygen family (chalcogen), and is slightly radioactive. It is used in Seebeck generators to convert the temperature difference (heat) into electricity.
Homi Jahangir Bhaba was the first to start a nuclear power plant in India which converts heat into electricity.Bhaba died in plane crash probably master minded by CIA to stop India from becoming a nuclear power.Homi Jahangir Bhaba is Tellurium in the periodic table.Bhaba did not marry. He was married to his scientific work.
53. IODINE-I
The atomic number of iodine is 53.The sum of the number 53 is 8 (5+3=8).Iodine belongs to the 17th group in the periodic table. The sum of the number 17 is also 8 (1+7=8).Iodine is a dark grey crystalline solid. It is a non-metal. The isotope of iodine I-124 emits the anti-matter particle positron and for that reason it is used in Positron Emission Tomography (PET scanning) to study thyroid cancer and also as a radio label.Iodine-131 is used in the treatment of thyroid cancer.
Paul Dirac, the great physicist, developed an equation in 1928 combining quantum mechanics and special theory of relativity. This equation predicted the existence of anti-matter particles. The scientific community was reluctant to accept this. Positron (positive electron), the anti-matter particle, was discovered in 1932, and Paul Dirac was given the Nobel Prize in 1933.Paul Dirac is our iodine in the periodic table.
54. XENON-Xe
Xenon is a noble gas with atomic number 54.The sum total of the number 54 is 9 (5+4 =9).It belongs to the group 18 of the periodic table. And the sum total of the number 18 is also 9 (1+8=9). I do not really know what all of this really means, but it clearly makes obvious the order and logic in the periodic table.
Xenon is used in high intensity vehicle headlights and high speed electronic flash bulbs. Xenon gives us light and speed.Dr. Amritya Sen, Nobel Prize winner for micro economics, showed that knowledge and education (relevant education) increases prosperity of a country. He proved this in his theory of economics. He showed us the path to become enlightened and a way to become prosperous quickly. He showed us the way to become a Xenon bulb (light and speed). For sure, Dr.Amritya Sen is Xenon.
55. CAESIUM-Cs
It is a silvery grey alkali metal with atomic number 55.The sum of the number 55 is 1 (5+5=10, 1+0=1). It belongs to the group one of the periodic table. Caesium is one of the five metals which are liquid at room temperature. In the International system of units (SI system) one second is defined as the time taken for 9.192,631,770 vibrations of Caesium-133 atom. The Caesium clock is the most accurate clock in the universe.
Peter Henlein, a German locksmith, made the first spring watch in the year 1511.He is the only one who gave spring watches to the world.Peter Heinlein is our Caesium in the periodic table
56. BARIUM-Ba
The atomic number of barium is 56 the sum of which is 2. Five plus six makes eleven and one plus one makes a 2. Barium belongs to the group 2 of the periodic table. It is an alkaline earth metal. Barium is used in radiography as a contrast agent to make visible the internal structure of the stomach and rectum with the help of x-rays. The compound used is barium sulphate-BaSO4.On the other hand barium sulphite-BaSO3 is a poison. Between barium sulphate and barium sulphite there is difference of only one oxygen atom. The difference of only a single oxygen atom can kill you and that is chemistry.
William Rontgen was a very tall (6.3 feet) German physicist who was given the 1901 Nobel Prize in physics for his discovery of the X-rays. He made it possible to see the internal structure of our body. He is our barium in the periodic table for that reason.
57. Lanthanum-La
Lanthanum belongs to the 3rd group in the periodic table because of its atomic number 57 (5+7=12, 1+2=3). Lanthanum is the leader of the fourteen set of elements called the lanthanide series which are kept outside the periodic table (f block elements).In Latin, the word ‘lanthanum’ means hidden. The element lanthanum was hidden in the element cerium for a long time. It was extracted in pure form only in the year 1923.Lanthanum is a modern metal. It has hundreds of uses in the modern technology. It is used in steel production, it is used in optics, it is used in catalysis, it is used in medicine, it is used to make misch metal, and it is used to make energy saving lamps
All the hidden men of God; Jesus Christ, the Kalkai Avatar of the Hindus, Prophet Khidr and Imam Mehdi of the Muslims are similar to the element Lanthanum in their behaviour.
58. CERIUM-Ce
Cerium is the first element in the Lanthanide series. All the fourteen elements of the Lanthanide series of the periodic table can be called as the avatars of the element Lanthanum. They all have similar properties to that of Lanthanum. All the elements of the Lanthanide series are f block elements. The atomic number of cerium is 58.The sum of the number 58 is 4 (5+8= 13;1+3=4).According to me though cerium is outside the periodic table, in the lanthanide series, it should be placed in alignment with the 4th group. Titanium is the first element in the 4th group. It has many properties which are similar to cerium. Cerium is pyrophoric metal, means it catches fire in air, and for that reason it is used in making lighters.
Johan Wolfgang Doberiner discovered the lighter.Doberiner is also famous for the Doberiner triads of elements. Cerium was hiding Lanthanum for a long time. The mother of Prophet Moses was hiding Moses from the clutches of the Pharaoh’s army. She was akin to the metal cerium in her behaviour.
59. PRASEODYMIUM-Pr
Praseodymium is the 2nd element in lanthanide series, next to cerium. All the elements of the lanthanide series are called rare earth elements because they are never found in a pure state, and are difficult to extract. They are not really rare. Ludwig Maser made the famous prasemit glass, having the beautiful yellow-green colour, in 1928 by adding praseodymium to glass.
The yellow colour symbolises intellect and creativity and the green colour symbolises growth and freshness.Dr.CV.Raman, the only Nobel Prize winner in physics, made India proud by winning the Nobel Prize in 1936 for his Raman Effect. Like the yellow-green colour of praseodymium Sir CV Raman stands for intellect, creativity, growth and freshness.
60. NEODYMUM-Nd
Neodymium is the 3rd element in the lanthanide series. It is a hard silvery metal used in the treatment of skin cancer and in the making of permanent magnets.
The major use of neodymium is in the making heat shock resistant glasses called NAP glasses and SNLG glasses. The family relation is like a glass.Neodymum in your family is a person because of whose presence the family remains intact. Sometimes it may be a favourite child, and sometimes it may be an old person loved by everyone.
61. PROMETHIUM-Pm
Promethium is the fourth element in the lanthanide series. It is the rarest element in the earth crust-only 600gm of promethium exists in the earth crust. It is produced artificially by fission of uranium. It is used in space exploration and is used as an auxiliary heat source in space probe.
Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian astronaut to go into space on April 3rd 1984.The space craft which carried him to space was Soyuz-T-11. He is the only Indian citizen to go to space till now. In Greek mythology Prometheus is a Titan who goes to mount Olympus and brings fire to the earth for the human beings.
62. SAMARIUM-Sm
Samarium is the 5th element in the lanthanide series. It has the highest melting point among lanthanides. Samarium magnets have high level of permanent magnetism. They can withstand very high temperatures without losing magnetism.
Tipu Sultan, the tiger of Mysore, had all the qualities of the element samarium. He was very hard, tough and extremely magnetic. He fought with the British, and was first to use Indian rockets on the British striking extreme terror in their hearts. He could also bear with grace the extreme stress of giving away his kids to the British as a security measure. He died fighting the British alone with extreme dignity and retains his magnetism to this day.
63. EUROPIUM-Eu
Europium is the 6th element in the lanthanide series. It is a silvery hard metal with high level of reactivity and soft texture. Its contradictory qualities of activity and softness remind us of the famous Nawab Asaf ud Dwalah of Awadh (Lucknow).He was a very active administrator with soft and humane soul. An example of his extreme humanity is that he started the construction of the famous Bada Imamabad- with its famous bhool bhulaiyaan- when Awadh was going through a tough phase of economic crisis. This he did in order to provide jobs to the self respecting people of Lucknow.He deliberately prolonged the construction of Bada Imambada by demolishing the construction every night so that there should a job for the people for the next day.
He also made the famous residency for the British. Both the construction of this active and soft nawab shine to this day.
64. GADOLINIUM-Gd
Gadolinium is the 7th element in the lanthanide series. It is a hard metal with high melting point. It is a ferromagnetic substance used as contras in liquid form in MRI imaging. It shows magnetic caloric effect which means as the magnetic fluctuations increase it cools down to a greater degree-more fluctuations-more cooling. Because of this property gadolinium finds its application in magnetic refrigeration. Magnetic refrigeration does not use CFC or other dangerous cooling agents, only a fluctuating magnetic field and gadolinium will provide the required cooling.
There are people who become cooler as the fluctuations in their life or surroundings increase. And that is the reason our respected Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi becomes more and cooler with deteriorating and fluctuating political scenarios. Political turmoil and fluctuations are boosting agents for our minister. Since his childhood he performed extremely well when conditions surrounding him became worse.
65. TERBIUM-Tb
Terbium is the 8th element in the lanthanide series. It is a silvery hard metal with high malleability and ductility. Terbium is an actuator-converts signal into movement. Actuators are heart of robotics in which signals are converted into action. No terbium, no robotics.
Amitsha Ji, the BJP action man, possesses the actuator quality of terbium. He moves into intense action even at bleak signals. The signals can be from his own party or from somewhere outside. It is impossible to stop Amitsha Ji from action because as long as life will be there, signals will be there.
66. DYSPROSIUM-Dy
Dysprosium is the 9th element in the lanthanide series. It is a soft silvery white metal with bright lusture.It is highly sensitive to magnetisation and hence is used to make hard-disc and memory storage device of computers.
Harry Lorene is the greatest memory man world has ever produced. He is the greatest memory trainer of all time as well. The following of his books are a must read,
1. Memory master
2. Mind power
3. Super Power memory.
67. HOLMIUM-Ho
Holmium is the 10th element in the lanthanide series. Holmium is a moderately hard silvery white metal. It has the highest magnetic moment, means it aligns perfectly in any external magnetic field. Holmium is 100% obedient to any external magnetic field.
Havaldaar Abdul Majeed of 9 para (SF) unit lost his life in rajouri encounter (Jammu-Kashmir) on 22nd November 2023.He was awarded the Kirti chakra for his courage uder fire. He tried to save his senior MV Pranjal who was trapped in the heavy firing of the militants, got hit in his leg, but still continued his fight, successfully landed a granite in the cave where the militants were hiding, they come out, he shot them and they shot him and all succumbed to death. Martyr Abdul Majeed is survived by his parents, three children and four sisters. As Abdul Majeed was the only bread earner in his family, the government of India provided his wife with a government job so that she could take care of the ten members of Havaldaar Abdul Majeed’s family.
68. ERBIUM-Er
Erbium is the 11th element in the lanthanide series. Erbium is a silvery white metal with high malleability. Erbium is added to vanadium to lower its hardness and increase workability. Erbium is added to Nickel to increase its specific heat capacity, to increase coolness, to be used in cryocoolers.Erbium increases softness and coolness of metals.
The softness and coolness providing nature of erbium was found in the late BJP supreme Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Though BJP is a hardliner and an extreme Hindutva promoting party, the presence of Atal Bihari Vajpayee projected a soft face of BJP towards Muslims because of which a large number of Muslims used to vote in favour of BJP.Right now BJP is lacking that soft and cool erbium face of ABV.
69. THULIIUM-Tm
Thulium is the 12th element in the lanthanide series. Thulium is a silvery grey, malleable and ductile metal. It gives blue colour when exposed to UV rays of sunlight (florescence).It is used in currency notes to stop counterfeit notes (farzi notes).Counterfeit notes do not have thulium so they do not give blue colour when exposed to sunlight.
The character Meghana (crunchy red hat mocha grandee with almond milk) in the Shahid Kapoor starrer movie “Farzi’ is thulium in action-the anti-counterfeit currency squad. The NIA, DRI and the Reserve bank of India are responsible for controlling the counterfeit currency.
70. YTTERBIUM-Yb
Ytterbium is the 13TH element in the lanthanide series. The isotope of Ytterbium produces neutrons because of which it is used as a mini X-RAY machine to see inside of the small objects. Under stress it produces current (piezo-electric effect), its resistance decreases. It is also used in stress sensors to manage stress.
George Washington Carver was a black American agricultural scientist. He changes the lives of American farmers. He is credited with more than 300 discoveries in chemistry. It is said that he could see the inside of things. Plants used to speak to him and tell about the secret ingredients they were holding. He had X-ray eyes. He was Ytterbium.
71. LUTETIUM-Lu
Lutetium is the 14th element in the lanthanide series of the periodic table. Lutetium has a half life period of 37.8 billion years. It is used in the study of age of different planets and objects of the universe. The age of our universe is estimated to be 14 billion years, not even half of the half-life of lutetium.
William Libby discovered carbon dating in 1940.He used carbon-14 to find the age of the living organisms. The half-life period of carbon-14 is 5730 years.
72. HAFNIUM-Hf
Hafnium belongs to the 4th group, titanium and zirconium family, of the periodic table. Hafnium is a hard silvery metal with a very high melting point-2227 centigrade. It is a refractory metal like zirconium and was used to make the engine and nozzle of the Apollo lunar module which landed on the moon in 1969.
Neil Armstrong was selected for the same reason hafnium was selected to make the Apollo lunar module; strength, hardness and coolness. In our discussion of the element zirconium I compared the legendary Gama Pehalwan to zirconium. As hafnium and zirconium have similar properties it will not be wrong to say that Neil Armstrong was the Gama pehalwan of space technology.
73. TANTALUM-Ta
Tantalum is a transition metal belonging to the 5th group of the periodic table-vanadium family. Tantalum is named after the Greek mythological figure Tantalus. Tantalum is a silvery, shiny, hard, ductile and malleable metal. It is used to make capacitors in electronics. Capacitors store charge (charge is nothing but electrons).Tantalum capacitors have high capacitance; they can store a huge amount of charge in a small volume. The charge of the capacitors is later converted into electricity.
We all run after money and all the atoms and molecules run after electrons. Electrons (charge) are money in the world of chemistry. The Tatas, Birlas and the Ambanis who have almost all the money of the people are like the metal tantalum with its high charge storing capacity.
74. TUNGSTEN=WOLFRAM-W
Tungsten belongs to the 6th group in the periodic table-chromium family. It is also called Wolfram and hence its symbol is W.Tungsten is a very hard metal with a very high melting point (3410 centigrade), and for that reason it is still used as filament in the incandescent lamps. It is a refractory metal. A very strange behaviour of tungsten is that it becomes stronger with the rise of temperature.
The commandos of the Special Forces in the army are trained for high stress conditions. The harder the circumstances, the better they perform. To me Colonel Shivander Kanwar is the tungsten.
75. RHENIUM-Re
Rhenium is a transition metal and belongs to the 7th group in the periodic table-chromium family. It has the second highest melting point among all the elements (3182 centigrade).It is used in space technology, and in making jet engines and rocket boosters because of its high tensile strength and high melting point. It is corrosion resistant and wear resistant.
Rhenium reminds me of Serina Williams, the legendary astronaut of Indian origin, who stayed in space for nine months and came back alive and recovered.
76. OSMIUM-Os
Osmium is a transition element belonging to the 8th group in the periodic table-iron family. Osmium has the highest density among all the elements in the periodic table. All the fountain pen nibs are made of osmium because of its very high density. Osmium is harder than diamond; the bulk modulus of osmium is 473 GPA and that of diamond is 443GPA
Rony Coleman is the man who could bear weights no man in history could bear. All the world records of ego-lifting are in his name to this day.
77. IRIDIUM-Ir
Iridium belongs to the 9th group in the periodic table-cobalt family. It is the second most dense metal, next only to osmium, in the periodic table, but stands first in terms of its corrosion resistant nature. The tips of all the spark plugs in motor bikes are made of iridium because of its highly corrosion resistant nature. Its electric conductivity is also very high.
Jeanne Louise Clement was the oldest person to live without falling ill. She is the oldest person to live on earth. She died when she was 122 years and 164 days. She said,
“I never ever fell ill, never, never.”
78. PLATINUM-Pt
Platinum is a transition element. It belongs to the 10th group in the periodic table-nickel family. Platinum is a corrosion resistant and a hard metal. It is used in jwellary.It is more expensive than gold because it is rare. The anti-cancer drug, cisplatin, is made of platinum. An overall 28% of the world’s platinum is dedicated to cisplatin production to treat cancer.
The five great prophets vested with authority; Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Mohammad (pbut) dedicated their lives fighting the spiritual cancer of their respective societies. They were hard fighter and their teaching is worth platinum even in today’s scenario. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) died at the age of sixty (8th june-632AD. According Hazrat Ali (pbuh), his cousin and son-in-law, nobody in world can live to his age (60 year) and claim that he has taken less food than Muhammad (Pbuh). It means nobody can live upto the age of sixty taking lesser food then Muhammad (pbuh).He was the least satiated man in the universe.
79. GOLD=AURUM-Au
Gold is a transition element. It belongs to the 11th group in the periodic table-copper family. Gold is a hard and brittle metal. Its ductility can be increased by adding copper. Gold is called a noble metal because of its very low reactivity. It does not dissolve even in nitric acid.
The rich kings prophets; Solomon, David, Lord Rama, Krishna etc, was the gold of their times and their teaching are worth gold even today.
80. MERCURY=HYDRAGYRUM-Hg
Mercury is a transition element. It belongs to the 12th group in the periodic table-zinc family. Mercury is a liquid metal at the room temperature. Mercury is a cold and elusive metal. You cannot catch mercury; it flows and immediately acquires a round shape, when you try to catch it, because of high surface tension.
All the criminals, dons and gangsters are mercury in disguise. They are cold and elusive and are, like mercury, always in extreme stress and tension.
81. THALLIUM-Tl
Thallium belongs to the 13th group of the periodic table-boron family. It is a soft silvery white metal with very high level of toxicity. It was used as a rat poison, and was also used as medicine to cure tuberculosis (TB). It is banned in the United States as a rat poison. It emits green colour.Thallos means green. It is identified by the green light in its spectrum. It is called poison’s poison.
Any person who remains with you and works against you damaging your mind and position is thallium. You can poison people’s mind with poisonous ideas. All anti-national elements and those pseudo clergies who work against their own religion are thallium-poison’s poison.
82. LEAD=PLUMBUM-Pb
Lead belongs to the 14th group of the periodic table-carbon family. Lead is a shiny gray metal with a hint of blue. It is a soft and dense metal with a low melting point. It is a non-corrosive substance. It is a metal with contradictory properties. It is a heavy metal denser than iron but softer than iron. Because of its high density lead is used to make aprons for protection from radiation. In radiology x-ray aprons give protection from x-rays by absorbing x-rays.
Actor Amir Khan perfectly fits the description of lead. Once he was a chocolate hero then one day he suddenly appeared as a 6-packed body builder in the movie ‘Gajni.” He made his robust heavy body when he was forty plus. He surprised everyone with his perfectly muscular body. He surprised everyone again in his movie ‘dangal’ with his obese look and again he came back into his muscular form. He went through all these contrasting changes successfully in his real life. He is in his sixties, but still his face shows no signs of corrosion, no wrinkles.
83. BISMUT-Bi
Bismuth belongs to the 15th group in the periodic table-nitrogen family. It is a brittle white metal with reddish tinge. It has a low melting point. Among all the metals it is the poorest conductor of electricity. Bismuth is the most diamagnetic among all the metals in the periodic table. A diamagnetic substance is the one which repels or moves away from the magnetic field. It hates any kind of magnetic field.
There are people who hate every attractive thing. They are mentally derailed people. They love all sorts of nasty things. Every Prophet and saints had their enemies. Lord Rama has his enemies, Lord Krishna had his enemies, Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) had his enemies etc. Some people hate magnetic personalities. They are bismuth.
84. POLONIUM-Po
Polonium is a metalloid belonging to the 16th group of the periodic table-oxygen family. It is a radioactive metalloid with high level of toxicity. It is named after the mother land of Madam Curie-Poland. It is an alpha emitter and is considered as the most dangerous substance on the face of earth. If twenty million people are exposed to only one gram of polonium ten million will immediately die.
All those toxic leader, religious or otherwise, who can poison people’s mind with their toxic ideology and get them killed on a large scale are polonium. Hitler is one of the examples of polonium. There are many poloniums in history.
85. ASTATINE-At
Astatine belongs to the 17th group in the periodic table-chlorine family. It is found on earth in trace amount. It is considered as the rarest natural element in the periodic table. Astatine’s radioactivity is so high that it vanishes with no time because of its own heat. Therefore it is difficult to see astatine in its physical form. It is a hidden element.
If some man of God is hidden from you, it will be because of his anger. If such an avatar or saints reappears, he will unleash his anger in the form of human massacre, the really good people will be safe from his wrath.
86. RADON-Rn
Radon belongs to the 18th group in the periodic table. It is the 6th and last of the noble gases. The 18th group is the last group in the periodic table. Radon is a highly radioactive noble gas. The decay of radon produces are many short lived nuclides called daughters of radon ending with the stable lead. The daughters of radon are more dangerous than radon because they stick into the lungs and cause lung cancer.
The famous Amir Khan Starrer movie ‘Dangal’ was based on the true story of Phogart family lady wrestlers- Gita, Babita and Ritu.Their father Mahavir Singh Phogart could not make very big in the world of wrestling. He trained his daughter thoroughly in wrestling making them win Gold medal in international wrestling. Radon has four isotopes, but our radon-Mahavir Singh Phogart-has only three isotopes-Gita, Babita and Ritu.
87. FRANCIUM-Fr
Francium belongs to the first group in the periodic table. It is the last of the Alkali metals. It highly radioactive, and one of the rarest element. Only a few milligrams exist in the earth crust. Francium has no applications. It is used to study the atomic structure. Francium is used in spectroscopy to find the energy levels (orbits) in atoms.
Ernest Rutherford was the first man to carry on an experimental study of the structure of atom. His alpha ray scattering experiment proved the existence of nucleus. He postulated that electrons revolve around the nucleus just as the planets revolve around the sun, giving the idea of energy level (orbits).
88. RADIUM-Ra
Radium belongs to the second group in the periodic table. It is the last of alkaline earth metal. It is highly radioactive. It emits both alpha rays and the gamma rays. It is the heaviest and the only radioactive alkaline earth metal. It was used to make florescent paints called radium paints. The practice of using radium in luminous paints was stopped in 1960.
Madam Curie was working with the ore of uranium called the pitchblend.While measuring the physical characteristics of pitchblende Madam Curie had a gut feeling, on the basis of some data, that the ore contained some other radioactive element. Only uranium was not responsible for the high radioactivity of pitchblende. She went on to work with her husband, Pirie Curie, to extract the hidden metal. They used to get tons of pitchblende in the backyard of their house and concentrated it by boiling. This they carried out for 10 long years until they were able to collect a good amount of radium chloride. They did electrolysis of radium chloride for a few years before they were able to collect a test tube full of pure radium. But in the soul consuming endeavour they got over exposed to radiation and themselves became radium-radioactive. Radium gets accumulated in the bones because it mimics calcium. Consequently, Pirie Curie developed a severe form of arthritis-because of radiation- and died in a road accident, and Madam Curie developed aplastic anaemia and died.
89. ACTNIUM-Ac
Actinium belongs to the third group in the periodic table. It is present just below lanthanum in the same group. They both belong to the scandium family. The fourteen elements in the actinide series resemble actinium in physical and chemical properties and therefore are placed outside the periodic table. Actinium is the first non-primordial element to be discovered. Non-primordial are those elements which were not formed during the big bang nor were they formed in the stars. They were formed late when the universe was already formed. One tonne of uranium contains only 0.2 milligrams of actinium. Actinium is also made artificially in nuclear reactors by showering radium with neutron. Actinium is used in radiation therapy to kill cancer cells. The cancer cells are sensitive to alpha rays. The actinium is given intravenously.
The cancer cells are extremely sensitive, just like the criminals. Spiritually strong people can survive in any scenario. They are sensitive to nothing.
The famous cop Isaque Bagwan, who inspired all ruthless cop based movies like Shakti (Dilip Kumar and Amitab Bachhan starrer), Ardha-Satya, and Zangeer etc finished single handed the Karim Lala gang. Like actinium he cleaned Mumbai of the entire cancerous criminal, the likes of Samad Khan, Sada Pavle, Ravindra Sawant, Sheikh Munir, Subash Bhatkar, Manya Surve, and Mahmud Kalya.Isaque Bagwan proved to be actinium for all of these expired criminals- the cancerous elements.
90. THORIUM-Th
Thorium is the first element of the actinide series placed outside the periodic table. Thorium is a radioactive actinide. It is three times more abundant than uranium in the earth crust. Because of its abundance in the earth crust, thorium is going to replace uranium in nuclear reactors and nuclear bombs. It is as hard as steel.
Thorium and cerium are cogners, means they have similar behaviour. Though thorium is an actinide and cerium a lanthanide, both have similar behaviour. Thorium mixes with cerium in solid as well as liquid state.
Your profession is solid and the enjoyment liquid. There are friends who end up in same profession and have the same hobbies and enjoyment habits. Such friends are rare. It is difficult to find your cogner.The famous bollywood movie ‘Goonday’ is based on cogner friends’ story.
91. PROTACTINIUM-Pa
Protactinium is the 2nd element in the actinide series. It is both toxic and radioactive. It has to be handled with care. It is like handling the blood sample of a patient with both AIDS and Hepatitis B.Protactinium is used with thorium to study history of ocean and its minerals.
Sylvia Earle is the leading expert in ocean history and marine life.In2009, she founded mission blue to establish marine protected areas.
92. URANIUM-U
Uranium is the third element in the actinide series.Uranium-235 is used to make atomic bombs. It is also used in nuclear reactors for the production of electricity. Uranium appears like tin in appearance, but is totally different from tin. It emits radiation and changes into lead over a long period of time. Uranium behaves like an ageing old man who slowly changes into a child again by losing teeth, hair; eye sight etc.Uranium-235 undergoes exactly a seven stage alpha decay process to become lead-207.Uranium fits on the description of the poem ‘seven ages of man’ by William Shakespeare.
93. NEPTUNIUM-Np
Neptunium is the fourth element in the actinide series. It is named after the planet Neptune. It is radioactive, and can replace uranium in nuclear bombs. Neptunium absorbs a single neutron and converts into the plutonium- the last natural element. A single mass less particle can convert neptunium into plutonium.
When Prophet Moses was returning to Egypt from Madain, he saw a fire at mount Horeb.He went there to get some fire for his family. Something happened on the mountain and Moses came down as a Prophet. He became a Plutonium bomb for pharaoh destroying his empire completely.
94. PLUTONIUM-Pu
Plutonium is the 5th element in the actinide series. It is highly radioactive and is named after the planet Pluto. The nuclear bomb-fat man- dropped at Nagasaki, Japan, was made of plutonium. Plutonium is the heaviest natural element. It is the natural element with the highest amount of matter. Plutonium, like carbon, has allotropes. There are six allotropes of plutonium. It means there are six different types of plutonium different from each other in physical propertied but have the same chemical properties.
The body builder Danieli Seccarecci, like plutonium, had the highest muscle mass. He held the genius book of world record for having the highest muscle mass. Daniele Secccarecci had more muscles than the legendary Ronny Coleman.Seccarecci died of heart attack in 2013 at the age of 33 in Toronto
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